Nucleobase-Based Barbiturates: Their Protective Effect against DNA Damage Induced by Bleomycin-Iron, Antioxidant, and Lymphocyte Transformation Assay

Table 1

Biological activities of compounds towards lymphocyte transformation, ABTS (free radical scavenging), and bleomycin-dependent DNA damage activities.

Compound code	Lymphocyte; transformation assay; at 50 𝜇m^a,b,g	ABTS (percentage; of scavenging inhibition)^c,d,e,f,g	Bleomycin-dependent DNA damage assay^g,h absorbance; (𝜆 max-532)
Negative control	—	—	—
Butylated hydroxyanisole	—	—	0.0026
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)	—	—	0.0038 ± 0.01
BA	19	34.3 ± 0.10	0.210 ± 1.12
TBA	53	60.5 ± 0.00	0.014 ± 0.15
1,3-BA	35	41.7 ± 1.15	0.015 ± 0.25
1,3-TBA	35	25.8 ± 1.30	0.014 ± 1.31
BG	37	49.5 ± 0.04	0.017 ± 0.03
TBG	45	33.2 ± 0.70	0.016 ± 0.27
BC	25	31.1 ± 2.38	0.070 ± 0.20
TBC	68	70.8 ± 0.10	0.011 ± 0.04
1,3-BC	20	35.4 ± 0.24	0.017 ± 0.05
1,3-TBC	10	13.3 ± 0.14	0.210 ± 1.18
2-BAP	35	30.7 ± 1.12	0.011 ± 0.27
BAMT	32	40.8 ± 0.10	0.013 ± 0.05

aConcentration showing 50% lymphocyte transformation. ^bThe positive control was Echinacea purpurea (Ech) extract at concentration 50 giving 74% lymphocyte transformation. ^cABTS + scavenging activity (%) = [(Ac − As)/Ac] × 100, where Ac is the absorbance value of the control and As is the absorbance value of the added samples test solution. ^dThe concentration of the pure compounds was 2 mM. ^eThe concentration showing 50% inhibition is expressed in mM. ^fThe positive control was vitamin C and showed 80.0 ± 1.04%. ^gValues are means of 3 replicates ± SD and showed significant difference at 𝑃<0.05 by Student’s t-test. ^hThe positive control was vitamin C (0.24 mM) and showed absorbance 0.0038 ± 0.01 at the same concentration of the tested compounds.