Review Article

A Molecular View of Autophagy in Lepidoptera

Table 1

List of ATG genes and proteins identified in Lepidoptera.

GeneNucleotide sequenceGene expressionProtein expressionProtein structure

ATG1 [29, 31, 32][28, 32][28, 32]
ATG2 [28][28][28]
ATG3 [29][28][28]
ATG4 [29][28, 105][28]
ATG5 [29, 31][28, 31, 33, 34][34][28]
ATG6 [29, 31][28, 31, 3335, 88][78, 106][28]
ATG7 [29][28][28]
ATG8 [29, 31, 75, 78, 106][28, 29, 31, 3335, 75][28, 33, 34, 40, 75, 78, 106][28, 39, 40]
ATG9 [29][28][28]
ATG11 [28][28][28]
ATG12 [29][28, 29, 34][28]
ATG13 [28][28][28]
ATG16 [29][28]
ATG18 [29][28][28]