Subcellular compartimentalization of OXPHOS and glycolysis in spermatozoa. OXPHOS system is composed of five multimeric complexes. Electron transport from Complex I to Complex IV is coupled to ATP-synthesis. Reducing equivalents (NADH and FADH2) produced by glycolysis and Krebs cycle reactions are transferred to membrane bound electron transport chain. c, cytochrome c; Q, ubiquinone.
