Ameliorative Effect of Saffron Aqueous Extract on Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Oxidative Stress on Diabetic Encephalopathy in Streptozotocin Induced Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Figure 8

Effect of saffron extract on TNF-alpha release in diabetic rats. Control (C), untreated diabetic rats (D), saffron extract (20 mg/kg/day)—treated diabetic (L-saf), saffron extract (40 mg/kg/day)—treated diabetic (M-saf) and saffron extract (80 mg/kg/day)—treated diabetic (H-saf) rats during 4 weeks of study (𝑛=10, for each group). Values are the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance for the difference between the data of the control group versus other groups: ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001. Statistical significance for the difference between the data of untreated diabetic group versus treated groups: ^#𝑃<0.05.