Review Article
Recent Concepts of Ovarian Carcinogenesis: Type I and Type II
Table 1
Summary of clinicopathological features and molecular genetic alterations of two types of ovarian carcinoma.
| | | Type I tumors | Type II tumors |
| | Behavior | Indolent | Aggressive | | At the time of the diagnosis | Early stage | Advanced stage | | Survival rate at 5 years | About 55% | About 30% | | Histological type/Precursors | | | | | | | Endometrioid carcinoma/ | Endometriosis | High grade serous/ | Probably de novo starting at the tubo- | | | Clear cell carcinoma/ | Endometriosis | | ovarian surface epithelium; SCOUT→ | | | Mucinous carcinoma/ | Mucinous Cystadenoma, Endometriosis | | P53 signature→STIL/TILT→STIC | | | | Teratoma, Brenner Tumor, and MBT | | or ovarian hilum stem cell | | | Low grade serous carcinoma/ | Serous cystadenoma, Adenofibroma | Undifferentiated carcinoma/ | ? | | | | Atypical proliferative serous tumor (SBT) | Carcinosarcoma/ | ? | | | | Müllerian epithelial cyst | | | | | Transitional cell carcinoma/ | Brenner tumor | | | | Gene expression profile | | | | | | Genetic instability | Not very unstable | Very unstable | | PTEN mutation | 15–20% | Low | HNF-1 beta
overexpression | 90% | Low | | ARID1A mutation | 40–50% | Not found | | CTNNB1 mutation | 30% | Low | | PIK3CA | 20% | Low | Microsatellite
instability | 50% | 8–28% | | KRAS mutation | 30–65% | Low | | BRAF mutation | 30–65% | Low | | TP53 mutation | Low | 50–80% | HER2/neu
overexpression | Low | 20–67% | | AKT overexpression | Low | 12–30% | | p16 inactivation | Low | 15% | HLA-G
overexpression | Low | 61% | APO E
overexpression | 12% | 66% | BRCA 1/BRCA2
mutation | Low | High | Ki67 proliferation
index | 10–15% | 50–75% |
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