Network of the Insulin/TOR, autophagy, endocytosis, and Notch pathways. The Insulin/TOR pathway (a) normally inhibits the autophagic machinery (b). Notch signaling is induced by ligand (DSL) binding to the receptor and the cleaved NICD activates target gene expression (c). Alternatively, Notch can be activated ligand independently through receptor endocytosis ((d)2)), or the endocytosed receptor can be degraded to silence the signal ((d)1)). Connections of the pathways are shown between molecules directly or between molecules and the pathway in general (shaded areas). Bar-headed arrows indicate inhibition, arrows indicate activation. For simplicity, the trafficking routes are reduced to the processes and players discussed in the text. Numbers refer to publications cited in the text. Dark filled circles indicate drugs, whereas proteins are represented with white circles. RTK: receptor tyrosine kinase, RESV: resveratrol.
