Naja naja karachiensis Envenomation: Biochemical Parameters for Cardiac, Liver, and Renal Damage along with Their Neutralization by Medicinal Plants

Table 5

Cardioprotective activity of medicinal plant extracts on LDH and CK-MB levels to neutralize snake bite envenomation in experimental rabbits.

Sr. number	Group V (subgroup)	Name of evaluated sample	LDH		CK-MB
			U/L (mean ± SEM)	𝑃 value/comment	U/L (mean ± SEM)	𝑃 value/comment
1	(V/1)	Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.	1357 ± 1.00	0.01>𝑃>0.001	4.1 ± 0.85	0.5>𝑃>0.1
2	(V/2)	Allium cepa L.	934 ± 13.03	0.1>𝑃>0.05	14.8 ± 1.65	𝑃>0.5
3	(V/3)	Allium sativum L.	1177 ± 20.56	0.05>𝑃>0.02	6.6 ± 3.30	0.5>𝑃>0.1
4	(V/4)	Althaea officinalisL.	975.5 ± 33.60	0.5>𝑃>0.1	14.8 ± 3.30	𝑃>0.5
5	(V/5)	Bauhinia variegata L.	1972 ± 3.00	𝑃>0.001	8.3 ± 6.76	𝑃>0.5
6	(V/6)	Brassica nigra (L.) W. D. J. Koch	855.5 ± 0.50	0.05>𝑃>0.02	9.0 ± 0.85	0.5>𝑃>0.1
7	(V/7a)	Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton (exudates)	1022 ± 5.01	0.02>𝑃>0.01	6.6 ± 3.30	0.5>𝑃>0.1
8	(V/7b)	Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton (flowers)	1114 ± 1.00	0.02>𝑃>0.01	61.8 ± 10.9	0.5>𝑃>0.1
9	(V/8)	Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ex D. Don) G. Don	1230 ± 23.57	0.05>𝑃>0.02	41.2 ± 31.66	𝑃>0.5
10	(V/9)	Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.	1831 ± 65.69	0.05>𝑃>0.02	73 ± 14.1	0.5>𝑃>0.1
11	(V/10)	Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad	827 ± 6.51	0.1>𝑃>0.05	05 ± 1.66	0.5>𝑃>0.1
12	(V/11)	Cuminum cyminum L.	1589 ± 22.56	0.02>𝑃>0.01	5.8 ± 0.80	0.5>𝑃>0.1
13	(V/12)	Enicostemma hyssopifolium (Willd.) I. Verd.	1615 ± 1.51	𝑃>0.001	9.85 ± 1.66	0.5>𝑃>0.1
14	(V/13)	Fagonia cretica L.	1418 ± 13.03	0.02>𝑃>0.01	11 ± 2.52	𝑃>0.5
15	(V/14)	Leucas capitata Desf.	783 ± 10.02	0.5>𝑃>0.1	14 ± 0.80	𝑃>0.5
16	(V/15)	Matthiola incana (L.) W. T. Aiton	1428 ± 6.51	𝑃>0.001	08 ± 1.66	0.5>𝑃>0.1
17	(V/16)	Momordica charantia L.	1475.5 ± 3.51	𝑃>0.001	15.6 ± 2.45	𝑃>0.5
18	(V/17)	Nerium indicum Mill	1268 ± 12.03	0.02>𝑃>0.01	05 ± 1.65	0.5>𝑃>0.1
19	(V/18)	Ocimum sanctum  L.	1335 ± 12.03	0.02>𝑃>0.01	12.3 ± 2.45	𝑃>0.5
20	(V/19)	Pinus roxburghii Sarg	1050 ± 1.00	0.02>𝑃>0.01	08 ± 1.65	0.5>𝑃>0.1
21	(V/20)	Pistacia integerrima J. L. Stewart	1135.5 ± 0.5	0.02>𝑃>0.01	13.1 ± 1.65	0.5>𝑃>0.1
22	(V/21)	Psoralea corylifolia L.	1153.5 ± 0.5	𝑃>0.001	17.3 ± 2.50	0.5>𝑃>0.1
23	(V/22)	Rhazya stricta Decne	1538 ± 20.05	0.02>𝑃>0.01	4.1 ± 0.85	0.5>𝑃>0.1
24	(V/23)	Rubia cordifolia L.	1078 ± 16.04	0.05>𝑃>0.02	6.6 ± 0.00	0.5>𝑃>0.1
25	(V/24)	Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn	1460.5 ± 5.51	0.01>𝑃>0.001	4.1 ± 0.80	0.5>𝑃>0.1
26	(V/25)	Stenolobium stans (L.) Seem	787 ± 28.08	𝑃>0.5	13 ± 1.76	𝑃>0.5
27	(V/26)	Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight and Arn	798.5 ± 14.54	0.5>𝑃>0.1	6.6 ± 0.00	0.5>𝑃>0.1
28	(V/27)	Trichodesma indicum (L.) Sm	978.5 ± 4.51	0.05>𝑃>0.02	6.6 ± 3.00	0.5>𝑃>0.1
29	(V/28)	Zingiber officinale Roscoe	888 ± 2.00	0.05>𝑃>0.02	17.3 ± 0.80	0.5>𝑃>0.1
30	(V/29)	Reference standard antidote; (standard antisera /immunoglobulin’s)	763 ± 6.01	Select to compare	09 ± 0.85	Select to compare