Review Article
Controversies about Interspinous Process Devices in the Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Spine Diseases: Past, Present, and Future
Table 2
Relevant Biomechanical studies on interspinous devices.
| Author | Device | Year | Cases | Study | Evaluation | Results |
|
Swanson et al. [52] | X-Stop | 2003 | 8 | Cadaver | Intradiscal pressure | Unloading of the disc |
|
Lee et al. [35] | X-Stop | 2004 | 10 | Case series | Foraminal and spinal canal area | Increase of 22.3% spinal canal and 36.5% foraminal area |
|
Zucherman et al. [38] | X-Stop | 2005 | 191 | Case series | X-ray assessment | No differences between 12 and 24 months |
|
Richards et al. [37] | X-Stop | 2005 | 8 | Cadaver | Foraminal and spinal canal area | Increase of 18% spinal canal and 25% foraminal area in extension |
|
Fuchs et al. [55] | X-Stop | 2005 | 7 | Cadaver | Assessment after facetectomy | Bilateral facetectomy increases range of motion |
|
Wiseman et al. [53] | X-Stop | 2005 | 7 | Cadaver | Facet loading | Reduced mean peak pressure |
|
Siddiqui et al. [45] | X-Stop | 2006 | 26 | Case series | Kinematics | Significant increase of spinal canal and foraminal area |
|
Phillips et al. [60] | Diam | 2006 | 6 | Cadaver | Kinematics after facetectomy and discectomy | Reduces increased segmental motion after discectomy |
|
Tsai et al. [42] | Coflex | 2006 | 8 | Cadaver | Kinematics | Returns a partially destabilized spine back to intact condition |
|
Kong et al. [61] | Coflex | 2007 | 42 | Case series | Adjacent segment motion compared with PLIF | Increased in PLIF |
|
Kim et al. [62] | Diam | 2007 | 62 | Case series | Disc height | No changes in disc height at 12 months |
|
Lafage et al. [63] | Wallis | 2007 | 6 | Cadaver | Kinematics | Lower stress in disc fibers |
|
Wilke et al. [8] | X-Stop/Diam | 2008 | 24 | Cadaver | Intradiscal pressure | Reduction of intradiscal pressure in extension |
|
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