Evaluation of Biochemical, Haematological, and Histopathological Responses and Recovery Ability of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) after Acute Exposure to Atrazine Herbicide

Table 2

Results of biochemial examination during atrazine exposure and recovery period.

Indices	96 h toxicity test					7-day recovery test in pure water
	Control	5 mg·L^−1	15 mg·L^−1	20 mg·L^−1	30 mg·L^−1	Control	5 mg·L^−1	15 mg·L^−1
Glucose (mmol·L^−1)	3.42±0.20^a	9.15±0.62^b	23.03±1.30^c	22.47±2.32^c	28.02±3.79^c	3.55±0.24^a	3.55±0.26^a	3.39±0.23^a
Total protein (g·L^−1)	19.59±1.11^a	20.97±0.91^a	26.52±0.91^b	23.12±1.34^ab	17.13±4.7^a	22.40±0.62^ab	19.36±0.40^a	21.72±0.47^ab
Albumin (g·L^−1)	6.02±0.39^ab	6.99±0.53^bc	8.05±0.29^b	3.87±0.70^a	4.59±2.12^ac	5.93±0.40^ab	5.65±0.25^ac	6.20±0.32^bc
ALT (μkatal·L^−1)	0.17±0.01^a	0.27±0.03^acd	0.46±0.09^bc	0.50±0.07^bd	0.60±0.15^b	0.25±0.01^ac	0.26±0.02^ac	0.49±0.06^bd
AST (μkatal·L^−1)	2.33±0.13^a	2.45±0.38^a	3.33±0.31^ac	5.15±0.36^b	4.73±0.67^bc	3.31±0.33^ac	3.27±0.14^ac	2.81±0.27^a
ALP (μkatal·L^−1)	0.21±0.03^a	0.32±0.05^ab	0.42±0.02^b	0.37±0.03^bc	0.24±0.07^ac	0.30±0.02^ab	0.30±0.03^ab	0.35±0.03^bc
LDH (μkatal·L^−1)	3.98±0.58^ab	3.02±0.61^ab	4.57±1.13^ab	10.15±0.89^c	5.84±1.35^b	5.26±0.65^b	2.22±0.13^a	2.02±0.21^a
Lactate (mmol·L^−1)	1.64±0.30^b	0.73±0.10^ad	0.90±0.10^ab	0.94±0.10^ab	0.40±0.10^a	1.45±0.20^bd	1.62±0.13^b	2.63±0.20^c
Phosphorus (mmol·L^−1)	2.07±0.08^c	1.28±0.11^ad	1.12±0.06^a	1.55±0.08^bd	1.07±0.10^a	1.76±0.09^bc	1.62±0.10^bd	1.88±0.07^bc
Calcium (mmol·L^−1)	2.04±0.02^bc	2.06±0.03^c	1.86±0.03^b	1.52±0.03^a	1.51±0.03^a	1.90±0.08^bc	1.91±0.02^bc	2.03±0.03^bc

Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean. Significant differences (𝑃<0.05) are indicated by different alphabetic superscripts (a legend: ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase).