MicroRNAs Expression Profiles in Cardiovascular Diseases

Table 2

Circulating miRNAs as diagnostic markers for MI.

miRNAs	Regulation	Groups	Source	Methods	Reference
miR-1	Up	Human/31 STEM, 20 controls	Serum	qRT-PCR	[91]
		Rat/12		Array
miR-1	Up	Human/93 MI, 66 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[92]
miR-1, -133, -208b, -499	Up	Human/32 AMI, 36 atypical chest pain,	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[98]
miR-1, -133a	Up	Human/29 AMI, 49 non-acute subjects	Serum	qRT-PCR	[112]
miR-1, -133a/b, -499-5p	Up	Human/33 MI, 17 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[76]
miR-122, -375	Down	Mouse/5
miR-1, -133a, -208a, -499-5p	Up	Human/25 STEMI, 11 controls Pig/6	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[104]
miR-1, -133a, -423-5p, -499-5p, -21	Up	Human/92 NSTEMI, 81 CHF, 99 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[117]
miR-1	Down 2-d post-MI, up 5-d post-MI, elevated up to 90-d post-MI	Human/12 post-MI, 12 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[111]
miR-21	Down 2-d post-MI, up 5-d post-MI
miR-208a, -133a	Up 5-d post-MI, elevated up to 90-d post-MI
miR-1, -133a/b, -208b	Up in STEMI-NSTEMI versus UA	Human/444 ACS (196 STEMI, 131 NSTEMI, 117 UA)	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[105]
miR-1, -133a/b	Down	Human/50 MI, 8 controls, 9 fetuses	Heart tissue	qRT-PCR	[100]
miR-208	Up
miR-1, -133, -208b, -499	Up	Human/33 MI, 16 CAD non-MI, 17 others CVD, 30 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[103]
		Rat/18
miR-208a	Overexpression	Mouse/16 Tg, 8 miR-208a^+/+,	Heart	qRT-PCR	[102]
		10 miR-208a^−/−, 11 controls
miR-21	Down in infarcted areas; up in border areas	Rat/10	Myocytes	qRT-PCR	[109]
miR-21	Up	Rat/12	Heart tissue, myocytes	qRT-PCR	[110]
miR-208b, -499	Up	Human/510 MI: 397 NSTEMI, 113 STEMI, 87 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[99]
miR-499	Up	Human/14 ACS: 9 IM, 5 AP, 15 CHF; 10 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[97]
miR-208	Up (after isoproterenol SC)	Rat/8	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[101]
miR-133, -328	Up	Human/51 AMI, 28 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[120]
miR-663b, -1291	Down	Human/20 STEMI, 20 controls	PBMCs	Array	[123]
mirR-30c, -145	Up
miR-423-5p	Up	Human/17 MI, 4 CAD, 5 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[116]
miR-133a, -423-5p	Up	Human/246 MI	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[113]
miR-133a	UP AMI versus controls; UP CAD versus non-CAD	Human/; 1st cohort:13 AMI, 27 controls; 2nd cohort: 22 CHD, 8 non-CHD; 3rd cohort: 154 CHD, 92 non-CHD	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[115]
miR-208b, -320a, -499	Up	Human/224 AMI, 87 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[121]
miR-155, -380*	Up	Human/19 dead after 1 y AMI; 21 survival	Serum	qRT-PCR	[122]
miR-150	Down	Human/60 AMI	Plasma	Array	[114]
miR-1, -133a, -208b, -499	Up	Human/67 AMI, 32 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[96]
miR-92a-3p, -30d-5p	Down	Human/13 AMI	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[119]
miR-25-3p, -374b-5p,	Up		Plasma
miR-186-5p, -342-3p	Down		Platelets
miR-25-3p, -221-3p	Up		Platelets
miR-374b-5p	Down		PBMCs
miR-25-3p, -221-3p	Up		PBMCs
miR-133a	Up	Human/216 AMI with STEMI	Serum	qRT-PCR	[107]
miR-1	Up	Human/17 AMI, 25 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[93]
miR-126	Down
miR-30a, 195, -let-7b	Up	Human/18 AMI, 30 controls	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[124]
miR-1, -208b, -499-5p	Up	Human/407 MI: 173 STEMI, 146 NSTEMI, 88 non-MI	Plasma	qRT-PCR	[106]

ACS: acute coronary syndrome; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; AP: angina pectoris; CAD: coronary artery disease; CHD: coronary heart disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease; miR: microRNA; d: days; Down: downregulated; HID: heart ischemic disease; MI: myocardial infarction; HF: heart failure; CHF: congestive heart failure; NSTEMI: non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; PBMCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; SA: stable angina; SC: subcutaneously; STEMI: ST elevation myocardial infarction; Tg: transgenic; UA: unstable angina; Up: upregulated; y: year.