Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Underground Coal Miners

Table 1

Demographic and working characteristics of study subjects.

Variable	𝑛 (%)
Depressive symptoms
Yes (CES-D ≥ 16)	1216 (62.8%)
No (CES-D < 16)	720 (37.2%)
Age (years)
≤30	382 (19.7%)
31–40	417 (21.5%)
41–50	942 (48.7%)
>50	195 (10.1%)
Marital status
Single/divorced/widowed/separated	329 (17.0%)
Married/cohabiting	1607 (83.0%)
Education
Junior high school or under	972 (50.2%)
Senior high school/technical secondary school	711 (36.7%)
Junior college or above	253 (13.1%)
Chronic disease
Yes	711 (36.7%)
No	1225 (63.3%)
Job rank
Head miner	394 (20.4%)
Staff miner	1542 (79.6%)
Monthly income (RMB, yuan)
≤3000	451 (23.3%)
3001–5000	1129 (58.3%)
>5000	356 (18.4%)
Weekly working time (hours)
≤40	519 (26.8%)
>40	1417 (73.2%)

CES-D: the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale.