Early-Onset Diabetic E1-DN Mice Develop Albuminuria and Glomerular Injury Typical of Diabetic Nephropathy

Figure 1

E1-DN mice develop hyperglycaemia and albuminuria. (a) Blood glucose is elevated in male E1-DN homozygous (hoz) mice () compared to the wild-type (wt) mice () at all the time points, , . At 6-7 weeks of age also the male E1-DN heterozygous (hez) mice () are hyperglycaemic, , but at 40 weeks their blood glucose does not differ from the wt. (b) Urine volumes of the male E1-DN hoz (), hez (), and wt mice (). and for hoz versus wt, for hez versus wt. (c) Increased albumin excretion rate (AER) is detected at both 10 and 20 weeks of age in the homozygous E1-DN male mice, . Heterozygous mice do not develop albuminuria. In (a)–(c), data are shown as mean ± SEM. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare groups. (d) AER is correlated to blood glucose at 20 weeks of age, , (Spearman’s rho), . As the upper limit of the glucometer is 33.3 mM, the samples giving the “high” code were analysed as 33.3 mM.

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