Relationship between Hyperuricemia and Lipid Profiles in US Adults
Table 1
Characteristics of the study population by serum uric acid quintiles.
Serum uric acid levels (mol/L)
Overall
1st (≦238)
2nd (239–286)
3rd (287–327)
4th (328–381)
5th (≧382)
for trend
14130
2749
2764
2674
2843
3100
Uric acid (mol/L)
315.84
205.11
265.21
308.72
355.69
442.53
<0.001
Age (years)
44.08
40.87
43.01
44.41
44.95
47.12
<0.001
Sex (% male)
49.10
10.40
30.30
53.80
70.50
79.00
<0.001
Race (% white)
84.90
85.50
84.40
85.60
85.80
83.20
0.21
Body mass index (Kg/m2)
26.63
24.01
25.45
26.97
27.55
29.11
<0.001
Waist (cm)
92.07
82.69
88.20
92.95
95.84
100.59
<0.001
History of hypertension (%)
23.00
12.70
20.10
22.80
23.30
36.00
<0.001
History of diabetes (%)
5.00
6.20
4.70
5.00
3.70
6.20
0.49
Drink/month
29.00
15.10
24.50
26.90
34.20
39.30
<0.001
Serum cotinine (nmol/L)
451.84
430.77
458.49
476.21
486.83
407.94
0.79
Antihyperlipidemic drug use (%)
2.20
1.40
1.40
1.60
2.60
3.80
<0.001
Average daily intakes
Calories (kcal/d)
2223.89
1909.78
2082.67
2340.35
2410.76
2378.32
<0.001
Protein (g/d)
83.28
70.46
76.84
87.74
90.32
91.09
<0.001
Total carbohydrates (g/d)
271.20
240.26
259.35
283.73
288.76
284.33
<0.001
Total fats (g/d)
85.37
74.00
80.09
91.46
92.68
88.89
<0.001
Cholesterol (mg/d)
288.26
254.80
265.24
301.18
312.09
307.88
<0.001
Total saturated fatty acids (g/d)
28.58
25.22
26.47
31.10
30.88
29.36
<0.001
Serum lipids and apolipoproteins
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
5.21
4.93
5.16
5.24
5.33
5.39
<0.001
Total cholesterol (% of risk)*
48.4
38
44.7
49.8
52.7
55.6
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
1.49
1.15
1.35
1.44
1.63
1.84
<0.001
Triglycerides (% of risk)*
16.6
7.9
12
14.5
18.5
27.4
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.25
1.38
1.32
1.25
1.18
1.13
<0.001
HDL cholesterol (% of risk)*
26.3
13.6
19.8
25.4
31.2
39.4
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
3.32
3.08
3.22
3.35
3.46
3.45
<0.001
LDL cholesterol (% of risk)*
76.6
68.5
74.1
78.9
81.6
80.1
Apolipoprotein-B (g/L)
1.05
0.96
1.01
1.05
1.09
1.14
<0.001
Apolipoprotein-B (% of risk)*
23.6
14.1
19.8
22.5
27.1
34.5
Lipoprotein (a) (g/L)
0.23
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.22
0.22
0.424
Lipoprotein (a) (% of risk)*
32.6
30.3
32.5
33.2
32
34.7
Apolipoprotein AI (g/L)
1.40
1.46
1.44
1.39
1.36
1.36
<0.001
Apolipoprotein AI (% of risk)*
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.8
Data are survey-weighted means or percentages for continuous or categorical variables, respectively. *Risk values of serum lipids and apolipoproteins: total cholesterol >5.18 mmol/L, triglycerides >2.26 mmol/L, HDL cholesterol <1.03 mmol/L, LDL cholesterol >2.59 mmol/L, serum apolipoprotein-B >1.25 g/L, serum lipoprotein (a) >0.3 g/L, and serum apolipoprotein AI <0.94 g/L.
