Goal-Directed Resuscitation Aiming Cardiac Index Masks Residual Hypovolemia: An Animal Experiment
Table 2
Hemodynamic parameters during hemorrhage and fluid resuscitation.
Group
Stroke volume index (mL/m)
SVI
27.5 ± 5.4
13.8 ± 2.6
16.5 ± 2.8
19.5 ± 3.7
23.6 ± 5.1
28.0 ± 5.0
CI
31.4 ± 4.7
14.4 ± 9.0
18.1 ± 3.6
19.2 ± 3.6
23.2 ± 1.3
23.8 ± 5.9
Cardiac index (L/min/m)
SVI
2.6 ± 0.3
1.8 ± 0.3
2.1 ± 0.4
2.4 ± 0.3
2.7 ± 0.4
2.9 ± 0.4
CI
2.8 ± 0.3
1.7 ± 0.5
2.1 ± 0.3
2.4 ± 0.2
2.6 ± 0.4
2.7 ± 0.3
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)
SVI
116 ± 17
72 ± 17
75 ± 19
78 ± 18
86 ± 17
92 ± 16
CI
124 ± 12
75 ± 22
77 ± 18
80 ± 81
86 ± 22
96 ± 20
Heart rate (beats/min)
SVI
95 ± 13
133 ± 22
130 ± 29
121 ± 21
111 ± 18
101 ± 12
CI
89 ± 11
139 ± 37
131 ± 13
127 ± 28
121 ± 24
117 ± 35
Central venous pressure (mmHg)
SVI
5.9 ± 1.0
4.8 ± 0.7
5.5 ± 1.9
5.6 ± 1.4
6.1 ± 1.2
6.2 ± 1.3
CI
6.0 ± 0.6
4.7 ± 0.8
5.3 ± 0.6
5.6 ± 0.5
6.2 ± 1.5
6.5 ± 0.7
Global end-diastolic volume (mL/m)
SVI
308 ± 56
237 ± 61
243 ± 59
251 ± 46
282 ± 58
298 ± 53
CI
312 ± 33
191 ± 56
204 ± 32
211 ± 27
243 ± 32
247 ± 32
Stroke volume variation (%)
SVI
14.7 ± 4.7
22.1 ± 5.5
22.2 ± 4.9
18.5 ± 4.6
16.7 ± 5.2
12.1 ± 3.6
CI
11.5 ± 5.3
18.6 ± 5.2
18.7 ± 3.7
21.3 ± 4.8
19.3 ± 4.1
17.4 ± 7.6
Pulse pressure variation (%)
SVI
14.2 ± 5.3
24.6 ± 6.9
23.3 ± 6.7
19.0 ± 5.8
16.7 ± 5.2
13.1 ± 4.1
CI
12.2 ± 3.1
25.2 ± 6.7
22.8 ± 5.4
19.8 ± 4.5
17.4 ± 5.8
16.3 ± 6.7
Systemic vascular resistance index (dyn×s/cm/m)
SVI
3261 ± 942
3100 ± 873
2677 ± 734
2442 ± 698
2410 ± 466
2336 ± 475
CI
3507 ± 597
3191 ± 709
2767 ± 630
2652 ± 240
2508 ± 565
2481 ± 495
EVLWI (mL/kg)
SVI
10.1 ± 1.9
10.0 ± 2.2
9.9 ± 1.9
9.0 ± 1.5
9.3 ± 1.6
9.8 ± 1.7
CI
7.4 ± 1.2
7.2 ± 0.9
7.2 ± 1.0
7.4 ± 1.0
7.5 ± 0.9
8.2 ± 1.0
dPmax (mmHg/s)
SVI
561 ± 226
560 ± 344
653 ± 404
682 ± 390
987 ± 269
674 ± 236
CI
585 ± 87
595 ± 206
579 ± 95
597 ± 137
551 ± 105
639 ± 154
SVI (stroke volume index), SVI-group; CI (cardiac index), CI-group. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. significantly different from . significantly different from . significantly different between groups.
