An In Vivo Study of Low-Dose Intra-Articular Tranexamic Acid Application with Prolonged Clamping Drain Method in Total Knee Replacement: Clinical Efficacy and Safety
Table 2
Serum tranexamic acid (TXA) level and TXA level in drainage fluid.
Group
value
2 h
4 h
6 h
8 h
10 h
12 h
Serum TXA level, μg/mL◆
2 hours
12.8 ± 1.6
12.2 ± 2.6
15.0 ± 2.4
11.3 ± 2.1
13.2 ± 1.9
12.1 ± 2.3
0.16
Clamp release
12.8 ± 1.6
9.4 ± 3.3
6.4 ± 2.4
2.3 ± 0.5
2.0 ± 0.7
1.7 ± 1.0
24 hours
0.3 ± 0.1
0.5 ± 0.6
0.4 ± 0.2
0.2 ± 0.1
0.3 ± 0.1
0.3 ± 0.2
0.51
Drainage TXA level, μg/mL◆
461.9 ± 181.3
856 ± 505.8
282.8 ± 142.9
530.9 ± 839.4
560.5 ± 466.7
736.5 ± 621.6
0.59
◆: value presented as mean ± standard deviation. : significant difference among groups with .
