CCL27: Novel Cytokine with Potential Role in Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

Table 2

Cytokines and disease progression/stage.

Analyte	Secondary; RRMS acute; (ng/mL)	RRMS remission; (ng/mL)	MS; onset; (ng/mL)	Control; (ng/mL)
IL-1α	8.0 ± 1.8	6.09 ± 1.0	5.9 ± 1.0	5.3 ± 1.1
IL1β	6.8 ± 1.4	9.2 ± 1.2	7.1 ± 0.3	6.6 ± 0.4
IL-1ra	24.6 ± 12.5	27.3 ± 9.4	24.5 ± 12	38 ± 17.2
IL-2Ra	376.1 ± 71.7	301.5 ± 61.2	481.0 ± 303.5	36.3 ± 4.1
	= 0.001	< 0.04
IL-2	67.3 ± 12.4	59.3 ± 23	67.3 ± 12	78 ± 27
IL-3	93.8 ± 15.8	78.7 ± 15.0	39.6 ± 9.6	67.2 ± 13.5
IL4	80.6 ± 25.9	95.9 ± 23.5	33.2 ± 5.0	63.0 ± 18.6
IL-5	30.5 ± 12.5	42.4 ± 23	33.2 ± 16.2	33 ± 23
IL-7	4.2 ± 0.6	5.5 ± 0.4	3.5 ± 0.03	6.2 ± 0.8
IL-8	3.6 ± 0.6	0.4 ± 0.7	4.7 ± 0.3	6.6 ± 1.6
IL-9	6.9 ± 1.4	11.0 ± 2.9	6.2 ± 0.6	7.3 ± 1.4
IL10	18.1 ± 4.2	49.8 ± 9.5	42.3 ± 16.6	45.4 ± 10.2
IL-12p40	3892.5 ± 821.9	3248.8 ± 327.7	4016.3 ± 571.7	86.0 ± 6.1
	= 0.003	= 0.00014	= 0.00008
IL-12 (p70)	159.7 ± 103.2	78.0 ± 9.4	77.1 ± 0.7	84.1 ± 8.6
IL-13	1.9 ± 0.3	2.6 ± 0.3	2.7 ± 0.8	2.1 ± 0.2
IL-15	75.0 ± 6.5	80.4 ± 2.7	86.9 ± 11.2	68.6 ± 4.6
IL-16	51.0 ± 10.8	123.6 ± 51.7	42.0 ± 13.1	241.1 ± 67.9
	= 0.01
IL17A	119.0 ± 12.0	104.3 ± 8.9	82.7 ± 28.0	44.7 ± 6.3
	< 0.0003	= 0.0023
IL17F	145.7 ± 26.7	119.8 ± 10.7	88.5 ± 9.9	137.9 ± 30.4
IL-18	124.4 ± 21.5	104.9 ± 8.5	126.4 ± 38.0	101.9 ± 24.3
IL21	194.5 ± 17.0	191.1 ± 8.9	169.5 ± 24.6	162.0 ± 16.1
IL22	216.9 ± 15.0	162.6 ± 9.4	173.1 ± 28.8	149.4 ± 18.7
	< 0.02
	= 0.007
IL23	530.2 ± 84.5	527.3 ± 27.2	585.3 ± 180.9	62.2 ± 8.9
	<0.0004	= 0.000000002	= 0.003
IL25	31.9 ± 4.9	39.1 ± 2.8	40.7 ± 7.0	32.4 ± 1.7
IL31	253.8 ± 49.9	234.9 ± 19.5	262.5 ± 14.2	195.1 ± 29.8
IL33	717.2 ± 192.9	1370.7 ± 501.6	720.0 ± 221.0	683.6 ± 158.1
CCL2	821.1 ± 80.5	918.3 ± 54.8	1152.5 ± 192.5	145.6 ± 23.0
	< 0.00002	= 0.00000001	< 0.005
CCL3	72.3 ± 18.2	73.1 ± 10.7	89.4 ± 10.8	35.7 ± 4.1
			= 0.0002
CCL4	37.5 ± 10.7	82.7 ± 13.9	57.7 ± 25.9	47.5 ± 13.2
CCL5	15926.6 ± 11653.2	7726.7 ± 1699.9	11287.8 ± 4843.4	2589.5 ± 248.3
CCL7	317.0 ± 65.4	286.7 ± 63.6	211.2 ± 93.5	119.8 ± 6.3
	= 0.03
CCL11	128.6 ± 31.3	246.7 ± 29.7	107.3 ± 14.6	113.5 ± 28.8
CCL27	4192.9 ± 773.6	4282.5 ± 912.8	3152.7 ± 582.9	854.6 ± 51.0
	< 0.005		< 0.002
CXCL1	362.7 ± 64.1	332.0 ± 48.7	379.9 ± 194.6	135.6 ± 40.6
	= 0.02
CXCL9	2319.4 ± 687.2	1878.1 ± 314.4	967.2 ± 536.4	2461.8 ± 301.6
			= 0.04
CXCL10	1655.1 ± 80.5	1754.4 ± 384.4	1308.3 ± 500.6	732.2 ± 111.5
CXCL12	59.3 ± 13.3	65.4 ± 9.0	51.3 ± 15.9	33.5 ± 8.0
IFN-α2	68.8 ± 23.3	46.3 ± 12	79 ± 12	40.9 ± 16.4
INFγ	48.3 ± 12.3	67.3 ± 23	67.2 ± 12	56 ± 26
FGF basic	16.5 ± 4.0	27.5 ± 3.8	26.5 ± 6.9	19.7 ± 4.3
G-CSF	56.3 ± 12.3	66.4 ± 24	78.3 ± 6	76 ± 34
GM-CSF	1085.5 ± 299.7	1101.2 ± 149.4	570.5 ± 117.4	931.7 ± 287.7
HGF	48.3 ± 21.7	37.3 ± 5.0	32.0 ± 10.0	29.2 ± 14.5
LIF	438.7 ± 75.4	401.1 ± 43.3	495.6 ± 142.0	37.3 ± 7.0
	= 0.001	= 0.00065	< 0.005
M-CSF	368.3 ± 53.2	462.2 ± 43.2	173.5 ± 15.8	148.6 ± 38.9
	= 0.01	< 0.003
MIF	6.3 ± 0.7	6.3 ± 0.4	7.1 ± 1.6	6.7 ± 0.8
b-NGF	1324.5 ± 256.3	1526 ± 329.3	1134 ± 213	1462 ± 562
PDGF-bb	6012.3 ±  2966.4	3606.5 ± 592.3	2962.4 ± 906.1	2756.0 ± 1007.3
sCD40L	251.2 ± 51.1	206.9 ± 16.3	222.4 ± 65.9	142.7 ± 18.9
SCF	33385.6 ± 4425.1	54557.7 ± 13801.1	49672.2 ± 13153.3	46927.3 ± 7531.6
SCGF-b	4089.7 ± 1952.1	2174.5 ± 188.5	1254.8 ± 22.6	2582.4 ± 166.5
			< 0.001
TNFα	39.4 ± 8.9	36.0 ± 4.6	28.6 ± 14.1	55.0 ± 5.3
TNF-β	13.8 ± 3.2	8.9 ± 1.5	7.9 ± 1.4	7.0 ± 1.5
TRAIL	283.1 ± 22.7	271.1 ± 72.0	332.5 ± 29.2	46.2 ± 1.5
	= 0.000002		= 0.000006
VEGF	135.9 ± 43.4	97.4 ± 13.4	111.5 ± 39.1	74.4 ± 10.5

: to control.
: to RRMS remission.