Sexy Mouth Odour? Male Oral Gland Pheromone in the Grain Beetle Parasitoid Lariophagus distinguendus (Förster) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

Figure 3

Occurrence of the different mating behaviours of wasps with emergence experience from the host substrate ((a) wing fanning, (b) antennal stroking/head nodding, (c) receptivity signal of female, and (d) copulation). Red bars are couples with a male that developed on drugstore beetles (Db); blue bars refer to couples with males that developed on granary weevils (Gw). White parts of bars indicate couples, which did not show the specific behaviour. values refer to overall comparisons using 4 × 2 -test. n.s.: not significant. Bars with different lowercase letters are significantly different at (Bonferroni corrected 2 × 2 -test).