BioMed Research International / 2015 / Article / Tab 2 / Research Article
Pesticides and Health in Vegetable Production in Kenya Table 2 Descriptive statistics of variables used in empirical estimations (
= 726).
Variables Definition Unit Mean 2005 2008 Dependent variables TACUTE Number of symptoms Count 1.89 (0.13) 1.09 (0.03) TACUTE Number of symptoms Count 0.38 (0.48) 0.37 (0.03) HEALTHCOST Cost of illness US$ 4.15 (1.70) 7.98 (1.57) 1.57 HEALTHCOST Cost of illness US$ 0.84 (0.35) 2.72 (0.58) 2.80 Farmer characteristics variables AGE Age of the farmer Years 43.19 (0.66) 46.18 (0.67) 6.30 AGESQ Age of the farmer (years squared) Years 2024.43 (62.80) 2292.64 (66.85) 65.21 EDUCATION 0 = none; 1 = preprimary; 2 = primary; 3 = secondary; 4 = college Ordinal 2.45 (0.05) 2.51 (0.04) 1.09 GENDER Male 1/0 0.70 (0.02) 0.70 (0.02) 0.00 EXPERIENCE Farming experience Years 18.42 (0.74) 20.56 (0.07) 2.38 Health-related and pesticide exposure variables HEALTH Farmer reported a symptom 1/0 0.20 (0.02) 0.34 (0.02) 4.26 SEVERE 1 = mild; 2 = severe; 3 = very severe Ordinal 1.11 (0.08) 1.59 (0.36) 1.22 PWHOIab WHO Ia and WHO Ib (extremely hazardous) g 8.79 (2.32) 33.55 (12.79) 1.92 PWHOII WHO category II (moderately hazardous) g 129.87 (10.15) 432.63 (25.20) 10.97 PWHOIII WHO category III (slightly hazardous) g 18.95 (3.39) 166.12 (19.23) 7.45 PWHOU WHO category U (no hazard) g 79.87 (7.47) 167.79 (16.86) 4.87 PESTHA Total amount applied g/ha/season 1,473.00 (201.82) 2,124.87 (118.28) 2.97 NPEST Pesticide products Count 2.89 (0.09) 3.32 (0.08) 3.37 COAT Wear coat/apron 1/0 0.49 (0.03) 0.71 (0.02) 6.06 GLOVE Wear gloves 1/0 0.26 (0.02) 0.35 (0.02) 2.49 GUMBOOT Wear boots 1/0 0.26 (0.02) 0.89 (0.02) 17.35 MASK Wear facemask 1/0 0.24 (0.02) 0.40 (0.02) 4.36 TPPE Protective equipment Count 2.81 (0.07) 4.00 (0.11) 10.85 Farm management variables FARMSIZE Total farm size ha 1.46 (0.08) 1.06 (0.05) GLOBAL-GAP GLOBALGAP certified farmers 1/0 0.07 (0.01) 0.19 (0.02) 0.15 RECORD Records keeping 1/0 0.71 (0.02) 0.32 (0.01)
All monetary variables for example health cost were adjusted (normalized) to US$ of 2008 to take account of inflation. US$ = 72 KSh (2005) and 75 KSh (2008).
