In Vivo Anti-Candida Activity of Phenolic Extracts and Compounds: Future Perspectives Focusing on Effective Clinical Interventions

Table 2

Phenolic compounds with in vivo activity against Candida species.

Compound	Class	Origin	Condition	Candida spp.	Purpose	Animal model	Exposure	Doses	Reference
Curcuminoids: curcumin and piperine	Polyphenols	Commercial standards	Systemic murine model of infection	C. albicans	Antifungal potential and related modes of action	Swiss albino mice	1st dose + 2nd dose after 6 h of the first, during 2 days	Curcumin alone: 100 mg/kg of body weight; Curcumin + Piperine: 100 and 20 mg/kg of body weight	[88]
Pterostilbene (PTE)	Stilbene-derived Phytoalexin	Laboratorial synthesis	Central venous catheter infection	C. albicans	Antibiofilm potential	Sprague-Dawley rats	72 h of incubation	500 µL liquid containing different concentrations of PTE (0, 16, 32, and 64 µg/mL)	[86]
Riccardin D (RCD)	Macrocyclic bisbibenzyl	Chinese liverwort Dumortierahirsute	Intravenous catheter infection	C. albicans	Antibiofilm (prophylactic and therapeutic) potential	New Zealand white rabbits	Prophylactic: 8 h; Therapeutic: 8 h per day during consecutive 5 days	Prophylactic: Groups II, III, and IV, 300 µL of RCD solution (8, 16, and 64 µg/mL, resp.), Group VI, 300 µL of FLC (4 µg/mL) plus RCD solution (16 µg/mL); Therapeutic: 300 µg (8, 16, and 64 µg/mL, resp.) was injected after 24 hours of infection	[87]