Codon Optimization Significantly Improves the Expression Level of α-Amylase Gene from Bacillus licheniformis in Pichia pastoris

Table 1

Comparison of the codon usage for wild-type and synthetic α-amylase gene targeted at P. pastoris for expression.

AA	Codon	Host fraction	BlAmy	BlAmy-opt
Gly	GGG	0.10	11	0
	GGA	0.32	12	11
	GGT	0.44	6	34
	GGC	0.14	16	0
Glu	GAG	0.43	7	21
	GAA	0.57	18	4
Asp	GAT	0.58	19	11
	GAC	0.42	18	26
Val	GTG	0.19	4	0
	GTA	0.15	4	0
	GTT	0.42	12	14
	GTC	0.23	12	18
Ala	GCG	0.06	9	0
	GCA	0.23	10	0
	GCT	0.45	10	19
	GCC	0.26	7	17
Arg	AGG	0.16	4	0
	AGA	0.48	3	15
	CGG	0.05	3	0
	CGA	0.10	3	0
	CGT	0.16	2	7
	CGC	0.05	7	0
Lys	AAG	0.53	11	20
	AAA	0.47	17	8
Ser	AGT	0.15	2	0
	AGC	0.09	4	0
	TCG	0.09	8	0
	TCA	0.19	4	0
	TCT	0.29	3	9
	TCC	0.20	5	17
Stop	TAA	0.53	1	1
Asn	AAT	0.49	11	5
	AAC	0.51	14	20
Met	ATG	1.00	7	7
Ile	ATA	0.19	1	0
	ATT	0.50	13	10
	ATC	0.30	6	10
Thr	ACG	0.11	7	0
	ACA	0.24	13	0
	ACT	0.40	3	12
	ACC	0.25	4	15
Trp	TGG	1.00	17	17
Cys	TGT	0.65	0	0
	TGC	0.35	0	0
Tyr	TAT	0.46	18	5
	TAC	0.55	12	25
Leu	TTG	0.33	11	23
	TTA	0.16	3	0
	CTG	0.16	6	0
	CTA	0.11	0	0
	CTT	0.16	7	5
	CTC	0.08	1	0
Phe	TTT	0.54	16	5
	TTC	0.46	4	15
Gln	CAG	0.39	9	15
	CAA	0.61	11	5
His	CAT	0.57	17	6
	CAC	0.43	7	18
Pro	CCC	0.15	3	0
	CCG	0.09	8	0
	CCA	0.41	1	9
	CCT	0.35	3	6