Neuroprotection in Preterm Infants

Figure 6

Neuroregeneration using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. After transplantation into an ischemically damaged area of the brain mesenchymal stem cells respond to the environment by producing growth and differentiation factors. These factors stimulate proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NPCs) and stimulate repair processes. Upon transplantation of MSCs, microglia are activated and modulate the inflammatory response of the brain contributing to neurorepair [113].