Air Pollution by Hydrothermal Volcanism and Human Pulmonary Function

Table 2

Adjusted association between characteristics of study participants, exposure to volcanogenic soil diffuse degassing (DDS), and restrictive lung defects.

Binomial logistic regression			Number of obs. 505; LR chi2(5) = 10.97; Prob > chi2 = 0.05
Parameter	(%)	OR (95% CI)^a	P value
Age		0.99 (0.96–1.02)	0.933
Gender
Male	207 (41)	1.16 (0.50–2.69)	0.729
Female	298 (59)	1.00
Easy fatigue
Yes	116 (23)	0.62 (0.23–1.67)	0.349
No	389 (77)	1.00
Smoking status
Smoker	163 (32.3)	0.94 (0.36–2.42)	0.892
Nonsmoker	342 (67.7)	1.00
Exposure to DDS
Yes (study group)	146 (28.9)	4.37 (1.78–10.69)	0.001
No (reference group)	359 (71.1)	1.00

 ^aOR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.