Prehospital Volume Therapy as an Independent Risk Factor after Trauma
Table 1
Demographic and clinical data of severely injured patients treated prior to hospitalisation with volume fluid replacement therapy.
Group
1 0–500 mL
2 501–1000 mL
3 1001–1500 mL
4 1501–2000 mL
5 ≥2001 mL
Total
Male (%)
69.9
72.1
71.4
74.2
76.9
72.6
<0.001
Age (years, mean, and SD)
52.6 ± 20.3
46.3 ± 19.7
43.4 ± 19.1
40.1 ± 18.1
39.9 ± 17.3
45 ± 19.7
<0.001
Blunt trauma (%)
97.1
95.9
95.8
95.9
95.3
96
<0.001
GCS ≤ 8 (%)
27.8
33.2
38.1
42.1
42
35.9
<0.001
AIS head ≥ 3 (%)
62.5
55.5
57.5
57.3
53.3
57.3
<0.001
AIS thorax ≥ 3 (%)
47.3
57.4
62.9
64
70.5
59.6
<0.001
AIS abdomen ≥ 3 (%)
15.1
21.1
22.9
24
30
22.2
<0.001
AIS extremities including pelvis ≥ 3 (%)
24.7
34.1
41.8
48.6
58.1
40
<0.001
ISS (mean, SD)
26.8 ± 10.9
28.6 ± 12
30.1 ± 12.2
31.5 ± 13.3
33.2 ± 13.4
29.7 ± 12.5
<0.001
NISS (mean, SD)
34.4 ± 14.6
35.4 ± 14.9
35.9 ± 14.1
37.1 ± 14.9
38.6 ± 14.7
36.1 ± 14.7
<0.001
Values shown as mean, standard deviation (SD), or % of the group. AIS: Abbreviated Injury Scale. ISS: Injury Severity Score. NISS: New Injury Severity Score.
