Prehospital Volume Therapy as an Independent Risk Factor after Trauma

Table 7

Multivariate regressions analysis in patients after severe trauma, a subgroup analysis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

With AIS head ≥ 4;	Odds ratio	95% CI
Age, y
0–54	Reference
55–64	1.68	1.25–2.28
65–74	2.85	2.17–3.74
≥75	7.53	5.71–9.92
Revised Trauma Score
GCS 13–15	Reference
GCS 9–12	1.44	1.02–2.03
GCS 8–6	1.89	1.34–2.67
GCS 5-4	3.18	2.15–4.72
GCS 3	4.96	3.58–6.88
Prehospital blood pressure mmHg
≥91	Reference
61–90	1.08	0.85–1.39
0–60	1.75	1.16–2.67
Blunt trauma	Reference
Penetrating trauma	2.25	1.34–3.82
Prehospital intubation	1.41	1.03–1.92
Prehospital catecholamines	1.37	1.05–1.81
Prehospital resuscitation	2.25	1.37–3.62
Prehospital chest tube	0.98	0.67–1.43
NISS	1.05	1.04–1.05
Prehospital volume mL
0–500	Reference
501–1000	0.79	0.61–1.04
1001–1500	0.71	0.52–0.94
1501–2000	0.82	0.56–1.07
≥2001	1.12	0.72–1.39

GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale. ISS: Injury Severity Score. NISS: New Injury Severity Score. AIS: Abbreviated Injury Scale.