Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Piper cubeba Extract in the Amelioration of CCl₄-Induced Liver Injuries and Oxidative Damage in the Rodent Model

Table 2

Effect of Piper cubeba ethanolic extract on liver markers in CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity.

Treatments	Dose mg/kg	SGOT (U/L)	SGPT (U/L)	GGT (U/L)	ALP (U/L)	Bilirubin (mg/dL)	LDH (U/L)
Normal		87.28 ± 4.15	31.96 ± 3.05	4.90 ± 0.32	318.50 ± 6.34	0.52 ± 0.02	91.72 ± 3.81
CCl4	1.25 mL/kg	222.33 ± 15.57^***a	164.83 ± 9.08^***a	16.18 ± 0.93^***a	471.16 ± 12.03^***a	2.36 ± 0.05^***a	172.68 ± 8.08^***a
PCEE + CCl4	250	218.00 ± 6.91^b	166.16 ± 9.61^b	14.16 ± 0.41^b	410.00 ± 8.89^**b	1.84 ± 0.08^***b	160.34 ± 6.08^b
PCEE + CCl4	500	154.00 ± 6.71^**b	120.10 ± 8.41^**b	12.05 ± 0.38^**b	364.50 ± 12.20^***b	1.53 ± 0.05^***b	139.59 ± 4.21^**b
Silymarin + CCl4	10	137.83 ± 5.85^***b	96.66 ± 5.99^***b	9.33 ± 0.22^**b	355.50 ± 13.97^***b	0.92 ± 0.05^***b	117.02 ± 3.65^***b

All values represent mean ± SEM. ^** < 0.01; ^*** < 0.001; ^a < 0.05; ^b < 0.01; ^c < 0.001 ANOVA, followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test.
^*,**,***Compared to normal group; ^a,b,ccompared to CCl₄ only group.