Review Article
Immunotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review
Table 2
Risk stratification models in cytokine treated metastatic RCC.
| Risk models | Model factors | Outcomes |
| MSKCC [27] | KPS <80% LDH 1.5x ULN Hemoglobin < LLN Corrected calcium > ULN Interval from diagnosis to treatment of <1 year | Median OS (months) ā Favorable: 30 Intermediate: 14 Poor: 5 |
| UCLA SANI [28] | Lymph Node status Constitutional symptoms Location of metastasis Sarcomatoid histology TSH | 5-year OS (%) and ORR (%)ā Low risk: 41 and 43 Intermediate: 19 and 27 High: 0 and 15 |
| ISM [29] | Histology: clear cell with alveolar features absence of papillary or granular features CA-9 expression by IHC | Good risk accounted for 96% of responding patients and 56% of nonresponding patients |
|
|
KPS: Karnofsky performance status, ULN: upper limit of normal, LLL: lower limit of normal, ISM: integrated selection model, ORR: overall response rate, CA-9: carbonic anhydrase-9, and IHC: immunohistochemistry.
|