Applying NGS Data to Find Evolutionary Network Biomarkers from the Early and Late Stages of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Figure 2

The constructed cancer differential protein-protein interaction networks (DPPINs) for early, late, and total stages of liver cancer. This figure shows the DPPINs with edge and node information for the early, late, and total stages of liver cancer. The DPPIN is the difference between the cancer PPIN (CPPIN) and noncancer PPIN (NPPIN). The figures were created using Cytoscape.

(a) DPPIN of early-stage liver cancer

(b) DPPIN of late-stage liver cancer

(c) DPPIN of total-stage liver cancer