BioMed Research International

Research Article

Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective Potential and Chemical Profiling of Propolis Ethanolic Extract from Kashmir Himalaya Region Using UHPLC-DAD-QToF-MS

Table 1

Characterization of chemical constituents of KPEt using UHPLC-DAD-QToF-MS.


Peak number	(min)	Exact mass	observed (nm)	Mass observed M + H⁺ (/)	Mass observed M − H⁻ (/)	Molecular formula	Compound name

1	3.14	354.0945	295 sh, 325	355.1021 (355.1024)	353.0874 (353.0878)	C₁₆H₁₈O₉	Chlorogenic acid^1,3
2	4.18	180.0417	324, 298	181.0495 (181.0495)	179.0351 (179.0350)	C₉H₈O₄	Caffeic acid^1,2,3
3	6.55	194.0574	324, 298	195.0654 (195.0652)	193.0506 (193.0506)	C₁₀H₁₀O₄	Ferulic acid^1,2,3
4	10.85	286.0472	277	287.0552 (287.0550)	285.0403 (285.0405)	C₁₅H₁₀O₆	Luteolin^1,2,3
5	10.99	302.0421	256, 372	303.0496 (303.0499)	301.0354 (301.0354)	C₁₅H₁₀O₇	Quercetin^2,3
6	12.93	272.0679	289, 252	273.0759 (273.0757)	271.0615 (271.0612)	C₁₅H₁₂O₅	Naringenin³
7	13.06	270.0523	267, 338	271.0606 (271.0601)	269.0454 (269.0455)	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	Apigenin^2,3
8	13.40	286.0472	266, 366	287.0554 (287.0550)	285.0404 (285.0405)	C₁₅H₁₀O₆	Kaempferol^2,3
9	18.41	254.0574	268, 314 sh	255.0658 (255.0652)	253.0507 (253.0506)	C₁₅H₁₀O₄	Chrysin^2,3
10	18.83	256.073	290, 330 sh	257.0811 (257.0808)	255.0662 (255.0663)	C₁₅H₁₂O₄	Pinocembrin^2,3
11	18.99	270.0523	265, 300 sh, 358	271.0605 (271.0601)	269.0461 (269.0455)	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	Galangin^2,3
12	19.51	314.0785	294, 332 sh	315.0864 (315.0863)	313.0719 (313.0718)	C₁₇H₁₄O₆	Pinobanksin acetate^2,3

: retention time.
¹Confirmed with reference; ²confirmed with fragmentation pattern; ³confirmed with [17–19].