Ca²⁺ Signaling in Cytoskeletal Reorganization, Cell Migration, and Cancer Metastasis

Figure 4

Ca²⁺ is temporally and spatially regulated to control the cell migration machinery via a wide variety of effectors. (Right) In the front, Ca²⁺ activates myosin and protein kinase C (PKC) for the maintenance of polarity and establishment of nascent cell-matrix adhesion. (Left) In the back, Ca²⁺ mediates calpain and miscellaneous focal-adhesion (FA) regulators, so proper disassembly of stable FA complexes can proceed. DAG: diacylglycerol; PMCA: plasma membrane Ca²⁺-ATPase.