Single-Stranded DNA Aptamers against Pathogens and Toxins: Identification and Biosensing Applications

Table 5

Summary table of ssDNA MREs targeting chemical toxins.

Target	SELEX method		Detection method	LOD	Reference
17β-estradiol (E2)	Sepharose column	0.13 µM	Electrochemical	0.1 nM	[156]
17β-estradiol (E2)	Sepharose column	50 nM	Dynamic light scattering, resistive pulse sensing	5 nM–100 nM	[157]
Bisphenol A	Epoxy-activated resin	8.3 nM	Fluorescence	Nanomolar range	[158]
Polychlorinated biphenyls	FluMag-SELEX	Low micromolar range	Fluorescence	0.1 to 100 ng/mL	[159]
Polychlorinated biphenyls	Magnetic beads	Nanomolar range	—	—	[160]
Atrazine	CE-SELEX	890 nM	Fluorescence polarization	—	[161]
Atrazine	Magnetic beads	0.62 ± 0.21 nM	Magnetic beads capturing coupled with CE	Nanomolar range	[14]
Malathion	Magnetic beads	1.14 ± 0.7 nM	—	—	[15]
Bromacil	Magnetic beads	9.6 ± 7.8 nM	—	—	[16]
Tebuconazole; Mefenacet; Inabenfide	GO-SELEX	10–100 nM	Colorimetric	100–400 nM	[25]
4 organophosphorus pesticides phorate, profenofos, isocarbophos, and omethoate	Filtration; column/immobilization free	Low micromolar range	—	—	[28]
Acetamiprid	Immobilization free	4.98 µM	—	—	[27]