Adverse Events of Monoclonal Antibodies Used for Cancer Therapy

Table 4

Adverse events of 20 MoAbs.

MoAb	Adverse events		Reference
	Systemic	Cutaneous
Cetuximab	IR; cardiopulmonary arrest; GI; pulmonary toxicity; hypomagnesemia; infection; anaphylaxis	Rash/desquamation; acneiform rash; nail changes; pruritus; paronychial inflammation	[7, 11, 16, 17]
Panitumumab	IR; pulmonary fibrosis; electrolyte depletion; peripheral edema; GI; fatigue	Erythema; acneiform rash; pruritus; nail toxicity; exfoliation; paronychia; skin fissures; photosensitivity	[18, 19]
Nimotuzumab	Fever; hypotension; tremor; lymphopenia,	Rash and chills	[20, 21]
Bevacizumab	Hypertension; VTE; ATE; GIP; hemorrhage; wound healing; complications; fistula/abscess formation; CHF; IR; proteinurea; necrotizing fasciitis	Exfoliative dermatitis; xeroderma; alopecia	[22–27]
Ramucirumab	Hypertension; IR; ATE; GIP; hemorrhage; wound healing complications; RPIS	Skin rash	[28–30]
Trastuzumab	LVD;CHF; IR; pulmonary toxicity; neutropenia; anaphylaxis/angioedema; anemia; GI	Acne vulgaris; nail disorders; pruritus	[31–35]
Trastuzumabemtansine	Hepatotoxicity; LVD; pulmonary events; thrombocytopenia; neurotoxicity; hypersensitivity; IR; GI	Rash; pruritus	[36, 37]
Pertuzumab	IR; cytopenias; GI; PN; hypersensitivity/anaphylaxis; LVD	Alopecia; rash; paronychia; pruritus palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia;, xeroderma; pruritus	[38–40]
Alemtuzumab	Cytopenias; IR; infections; immunogenicity; hypotension; hypertension; dysrhythmia; pulmonary events	Urticaria; rash; erythema;	[15, 41, 42]
Rituximab	IR; TLS; PML; renal toxicity; infections; cardiac events; pulmonary events; bowel obstruction/perforation; cytopenias; RA; anaphylaxis; HBr; SS; PML	Paraneoplastic pemphigus; rash; pruritus; angioedema; SJS; TEN	[5, 12–14, 43, 44]
Ofatumumab	IR; cytopenias; intestinal obstruction; PML; HBR; pneumonia; infections; dyspnea; diarrhea; PML; TLS	Rash; urticaria; hyperhidrosis	[45, 46]
Obinutuzumab	IR; hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia; cytopenias; hepatic toxicity; infection; immunogenicity; HBR; PML; TLS	None	[47, 48]
Ibritumomab	IR; infections; severe cytopenias; immunogenicity; secondary malignancies; extravasation/radiation necrosis	EM; SJS; TeN; exfoliativedermatitis; rash;	[8, 49]
Tositumomab	Anaphylaxis; severe cytopenias; IR; fetal harm; hypothyroidism; secondary; malignancies; infection	Rash; pruritus; sweating; dermatitis	[44, 50, 51]
Brentuximab Vedotin	PN; IR; cytopenias; TLS; infectionimmunogenicity; PML; anaphylaxis	SJS; rash; pruritus; alopecia	[52–55]
Ipilimumab	IrAEs; diarrhea; fatigue;	Dermatitis; pruritus; rash; SJS; TEN	[56, 57]
Catumaxomab	SIRS; abdominal disorders; CRS; pyrexia; cytopenias	Rash; erythema; pruritus	[58]
Denosumab	Hypocalcemia; hypophosphatemia; embryo-fetal toxicity; ONJ and; osteomyelitis; fatigue; dyspnea	Dermatitis; eczema; rash; pruritus	[59, 60]
Nivolumab	Fatigue; diarrhea; lymphopenia	Rash; pruritus; vitiligo	[61]
Siltuximab	GIP; IR; IR/hypersensitivity reactions; elevated hemoglobin levels; infection; diarrhea	Pruritus; skin rash	[62]

CRS, cytokine release syndrome; GI, gastrointestinal symptoms, for example, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and constipation; HBR, hepatitis B reactivation; IrAEs, immune-mediated reactions due to T cell activation and proliferation (enterocolitis, hepatitis, dermatitis, neuropathies, and endocrinopathies); IR, infusion reactions; LVD, left ventricular dysfunction; ONJ, osteonecrosis of the jaw; PML, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; PN, peripheral neuropathy; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; SJS, Stevens-Johnson syndrome; SS, serum sickness-like reactions; RPIS, reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome; TEN, toxic epidermal necrolysis;, TLS, tumor lysis syndrome.