[Retracted] Potentiated Osteoinductivity via Cotransfection with BMP-2 and VEGF Genes in Microencapsulated C2C12 Cells

Figure 3

Measurement of cytokine expressions. (a) The basic BMP-2 secretion from the microencapsulated cells without gene transfection. (b) All encapsulated BMP-2 gene-transfected stem cells were capable of the constitutive secretion of BMP-2 proteins. Among the six cell types, C2C12 could secrete most BMP-2 protein, which was significantly higher than the other cell groups through four weeks after BMP-2 gene transfection and cells microencapsulation ( compared with the C2C12 group). Among the three tissue-derived MSCs, BMSCs could secrete most BMP-2 protein (significantly more than the other stem cells groups through four weeks after BMP-2 gene transfection and cells microencapsulation) ( compared with the C2C12 group). (c) The basic VEGF secretion from the microencapsulated cells without gene transfection ( compared with the C2C12 group). (d) All microencapsulated VEGF gene-transfected stem cells were capable of the constitutive secretion of VEGF proteins. BMSCs or ADSCs could secrete most VEGF proteins. C2C12 cells expressed the third level of VEGF ( compared with the C2C12 group).

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