Single-center cohort; disease activity evaluated by HBI in CD
Serum 25(OH)D3 in CD significantly lower versus controls ( < 0.05). Disease activity correlated negatively with 25(OH)D3 level ( < 0.004). 25(OH)D3 levels were comparable to controls in mild CD but were significantly lower in moderate and severe CD
Single-center cohort; retrospective observational study HRQOL measured with SIBDQ, disease activity measured using HBI/UCDI scores
25(OH)D3 deficiency significantly associated with lower SIBDQ ( = 0.002) and higher mean HBI/UCDI ( = 0.002) in IBD versus vit D sufficient patients. Analyzed separately, vit D deficiency associated with lower HRQOL scores only in CD ( = 0.04), not in UC
Cross-sectional pediatric study. Disease activity measured by PCDAI e PUCAI
No correlation between PCDAI and serum 25(OH)D3. Marginal evidence against the null hypothesis ( = 0.05) between serum 25(OH)D3 and PUCAI, but without statistical significance
Cross-sectional study. Disease activity measured by CDAI and Truelove index
Serum vit D lower in active versus inactive disease (non significantly). VitD deficiency was not associated with IBD activity (also considering CD and UC separately), however was associated with a history of IBD related intestinal surgery
Multicenter cohort; 25(OH)D3: Normal (>30 ng/mL), Insufficient (20–29.9 ng/mL) or Deficient (<20 ng/mL)
IBD-related surgery: CD: 10% patients never vitamin D deficient versus 13% vitamin D insufficient versus 17% vitamin D deficient. UC: vitamin D deficiency associated with elevated risk of surgery and hospitalization with effect similar to CD; no statistical significance in patients vitamin D insufficient. Normalization of 25(OH)D3 associated with reduction in the risk of related surgery but not in UC
Retrospective single-center cohort; patients on anti-TNF therapy evaluated for loss of response; 25(OH)D3 insufficiency: <30 ng/mL
Patients with insufficient vitamin D demonstrated earlier cessation of anti-TNF- therapy ( = 0.04). This effect was significant in patients who stopped treatment for loss of response, stronger for CD than UC ( = NS)
Retrospective multi-center analysis of 25(OH)D3 in 35 patients who developed CDI
25(OH)D3 level was significantly lower in IBD who developed CDI compared to non-CDI-IBD ( = 0.002). Levels below 20 ng/mL were associated with a two-fold increase in risk of CDI. 25(OH)D3 level was an independent predictor of CDI
Prospectively collected samples for 25(OH)D3 analysis; assessment of HBI and CRP PBMC tested for VDR, Cyp
25(OH)D3 levels lower in patients with active disease versus inactive disease, 25(OH)D3 correlated with HBI (not with CRP) PBMC: mean gene expression of VDR and CypB1 higher in active disease