S100B Inhibitor Pentamidine Attenuates Reactive Gliosis and Reduces Neuronal Loss in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Figure 4

(a) Immunohistochemistry analysis showing the effect of pentamidine in hippocampal coronal sections after A injection. The upper panel shows GFAP-positive cells (astrocytes) infiltrating the hippocampi. Note the increased number of GFAP-positive cells in A-treated (2) compared to vehicle-treated mice (1) and the dose-dependent reduction after pentamidine treatment (3-4-5). Scale bar: 200 m. (b) Nissl staining showing the effect of pentamidine on pyramidal neuron loss in the CA1 area after A injection. Note the reduced number of neurons stained in A-treated (2) compared to vehicle-treated mice (1) and the dose-dependent reduction of neuronal loss after pentamidine treatment (3-4-5). Scale bar: 200 m. (c) Immunofluorescence analysis showing the effect of pentamidine in hippocampal coronal sections after A injection. Note the reduced number of neurons after A injection (2) compared to vehicle-treated mice (1) and the dose-dependent neuroprotection after pentamidine treatment (3-4-5). Scale bar: 200 m. (d) Relative quantification of GFAP expression, (e) extent of CA1 damage measurement, and (f) number of neurons stained with Fluorojade B (FJB) in the hippocampi. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of experiments performed in triplicate. versus vehicle-treated mice; and versus A-treated mice.

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