Ureteral Involvement and Diabetes Increase the Risk of Subsequent Bladder Recurrence after Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Table 2
Univariate and multivariate analyses for variables significantly associated with subsequent bladder recurrence after RNU in 532 patients with UUT-UC.
Variable
Univariate
Multivariate
HR (95% CI)
HR (95% CI)
Age (years)
<65
1
—
≥65
0.819 (0.594–1.128)
0.222
Gender
Female
1
—
Male
1.210 (0.878–1.669)
0.245
Smoking
No
1
—
Yes
1.221 (0.838–1.778)
0.298
BMI
0.967 (0.909–1.028)
0.277
eGFR (mL/min)
<60
1
—
>60
1.347 (0.757–2.396)
0.312
Hemodialysis
No
1
—
1
—
Yes
1.603 (0.990–2.595)
0.055
1.791 (0.988–3.244)
0.055
Chinese herbal medicine use
No
1
—
1
—
Yes
1.851 (1.012–3.386)
0.046*
1.387 (0.731–2.632)
0.316
Hypertension
No
1
—
Yes
1.292 (0.868–1.922)
0.207
DM
No
1
—
1
—
Yes
1.953 (1.241–3.074)
0.004*
1.821 (1.152–2.878)
0.010*
Residency
Nonarsenic
1
—
Arsenic
0.775 (0.247–2.434)
0.662
OP method
Transperitoneal
1
—
Retroperitoneal
1.097 (0.674–1.786)
0.708
OP method
Open
1
—
Laparoscopy
1.420 (0.868–2.323)
0.162
Grade
Low
1
—
High
0.994 (0.705–1.402)
0.974
Ureteral involvement
No
1
—
1
—
Yes
1.639 (1.189–2.260)
0.003*
1.838 (1.233–2.741)
0.003*
Multiplicity
No
1
—
Yes
1.499 (0.953–2.356)
0.080
T stage
Ta, 1
1
—
T2
1.135 (0.727–1.771)
0.578
T3, 4
0.914 (0.610–1.368)
0.661
Tis
2.110 (0.770–5.785)
0.147
N stage
N0
1
—
N1, 2, 3
0.394 (0.125–1.239)
0.111
BMI: body mass index, DM: diabetes mellitus, HR: Hazard ratio, and CI: confidence interval. *Significant difference, .
