Exploring the Link between the Components of Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Depression
Table 3
Regression coefficients of components of metabolic syndrome for PHQ-9 score predicted.
Components of metabolic syndrome
Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5)
Noninsulin resistance (HOMA-IR < 2.5)
Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
β (95% CI)
value
β (95% CI)
value
β (95% CI)
value
β (95% CI)
value
β (95% CI)
value
β (95% CI)
value
Abdominal obesity
0.056 (−0.157, 1.525)
0.111
0.039 (−0.51, 1.469)
0.342
0.04 (−0.508, 1.48)
0.337
0.004 (−0.692, 0.768)
0.919
−0.003 (−2.091, 2.278)
0.952
−0.009 (−1.064, 0.911)
0.879
High blood pressure
0.037 (−0.382, 1.239)
0.299
0.042 (−0.331, 1.31)
0.243
0.037 (−0.386, 1.26)
0.298
0.039 (−0.485, 1.322)
0.363
0.038 (−0.498, 1.314)
0.37
0.035 (−0.526, 1.292)
0.409
High triglycerides
0.07 (0.06, 1.421)
0.033
0.057 (−0.076, 1.28)
0.082
0.052 (−0.145, 1.235)
0.121
0.027 (−0.576, 1.224)
0.480
0.011 (−0.781, 1.032)
0.785
0.003 (−0.889, 0.954)
0.945
Low HDL cholesterol
0.089 (0.249, 1.591)
0.007
0.075 (0.097, 1.448)
0.025
0.075 (0.096, 1.46)
0.025
0.028 (−0.529, 1.176)
0.457
0.013 (−0.709, 1.012)
0.729
0.001 (−2.095, 2.145)
0.988
High glucose
0.074 (0.041, 1.466)
0.038
0.069 (−0.004, 1.427)
0.051
0.059 (−0.134, 1.341)
0.108
−0.1 (−1.17, 0.902)
0.8
−0.14 (−1.205, 0.846)
0.731
−0.17 (−1.258, 0.814)
0.674
Model 1 = age, sex, race/ethnicity. Model 2 = Model 1 + (BMI, alcohol drinking, smoking, coronary heart disease, stroke, and vigorous working activity). Model 3 = Model 2 + (serum C-reactive protein, serum total bilirubin, serum uric acid, and HOMA-IR).
