| | Mechanisms | Genes involved |
| | Mitochondrion | ALDH18A1, ALDOC, ARG2, BCL2L10, BID, CAPRIN2, CYP11A1 DSP, FAM136A, FEN1, GATM, ILF3, LACTB2 MTIF3, NADKD1, P4HA1, PPP3CB, RARS2, SHMT1, TOMM34, TPP1, and USP30 |
| | Oxidation reduction and electron transport | ALDH18A1, AOX1, CYP11A1, FADS1, HSD17B1, KDM1A, LDHAL6A, NARF, NELL1, P4HA1, and RETSAT |
| | Apoptosis | ALDOC, ARHGEF7, AVEN, BARD1, BCL2L10, BCLAF1, BID, BRCA1, BUB1B, CASP2, CDK1, CSE1L, DEDD, F2, GAL, HELLS, KRT8, MAEL, MMP9, MSH2, NELL1, NPM1, SOX4, TIA1, TUBB, and TUBB2C |
| | Immune system | AOX1, BCL11A, CCNB2, CHD7, CHIT1, CLEC1A, F2, GAL, GLMN, IGFBP4, IGHE, IL1R1, ILF2, JARID2, MASP1, MMP9, MSH2, OPRK1, PPP3CB, SOX4, TACC3, TCF3, THY1, TUBB, TUBB2C, and XRCC6 |
| | DNA replication and repair | ASF1A, BARD1, BRCA1, CCNO, CHAF1A, CHEK1, DKC1, DTL, FANCE, FANCI, FEN1, GINS2, HMGA1, MCM10, MCM3, MCM5, MCM7, MORF4L1, MSH2, NASP, NEIL3, ORC6L, PAPD7, PARP1, POLD1, POLD3, PTTG1, RAD50, RAD51, RAD51C, RBM4, RFC3, RFC4, RMI2, RUVBL2, SFPQ, SSRP1, TDP1, TRIP13, TYMS, and XRCC6 |
| | Methylation | DHX9, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, FBL, FUS, HELLS, HMGA1, HNRNPD, HNRNPK, HNRNPU, HNRPDL, ILF3, MAEL, PABPC4, PRMT5, PRMT7, RAP1A, RASL10A, RHOQ, RRAS2, SFPQ, SRSF1, SUV39H2, TDRD1, TGS1, THOC4, TUBA1B, and TUBB |
| | Reproduction | AMH, BCL2L10, CCNB1, CCNE1, CELSR2, CEP57, CHD7, CHEK1, DAZAP1, DEDD, DNMT3A, FIGLA, HIST1H1A, HSF2BP, LHX8, MAEL, MBD2, MSH2, NLRP14, NPM2, OOEP, PPAP2B, PRMT7, PTTG1, RAD51C, RPL39L, STRBP, TDRD1, TRIP13, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4 |
| | Aging | NPM1, ENG, MSH2, FADS1, and ALDOC |
| | Telomere | DKC1, PARP1, XRCC6, and RAD50 |
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