The Diagnostic Ability of Follow-Up Imaging Biomarkers after Treatment of Glioblastoma in the Temozolomide Era: Implications from Proton MR Spectroscopy and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping

Table 3

Comparison of MRS and DWI/ADCmean results between the patients () with a pseudoprogression and glioblastoma relapse. Two spatially independent values corresponding with two perpendicular planes on MRI were analyzed in each patient ( analyzed samples).

	Pseudoprogression ()	GBM relapse ()
tCho [mM]			0.500
>2.9	5 (41.7%)	11 (30.6%)
≤2.9	7 (58.3%)	25 (69.4%)
Median (min; max)	2.88 (0.86; 3.73)	2.41 (1.26; 4.40)	0.739
tNAA [mM]
>1.5	12 (100.0%)	9 (25.0%)	<0.001
≤1.5	0 (0.0%)	27 (75.0%)
Median (min; max)	2.88 (1.52; 5.13)	1.19 (0.44; 2.22)	<0.001
tCr [mM]
>2.6	8 (66.7%)	16 (44.4%)	0.318
≤2.6	4 (33.3%)	20 (55.6%)
Median (min; max)	2.74 (1.71; 7.53)	2.49 (1.46; 5.86)	0.243
Lip + Lac
<4.8	8 (66.7%)	0 (0.0%)	<0.001
≥4.8	4 (33.3%)	36 (100.0%)
Median (min; max)	3.50 (0.31; 26.76)	10.77 (5.14; 37.23)	0.004
tCho/tNAA
<1.4	11 (91.7%)	0 (0.0%)	<0.001
≥1.4	1 (8.3%)	36 (100.0%)
Median (min; max)	0.77 (0.38; 1.77)	2.00 (1.63; 3.93)	<0.001
tCho/tCr
<0.7	5 (41.7%)	6 (16.7%)	0.113
≥0.7	7 (58.3%)	30 (83.3%)
Median (min; max)	0.82 (0.30; 1.37)	0.86 (0.54; 1.64)	0.317
tNAA/tCr
>0.7	11 (91.7%)	2 (5.6%)	<0.001
≤0.7	1 (8.3%)	34 (94.4%)
Median (min; max)	0.99 (0.28; 1.59)	0.45 (0.24; 0.72)	<0.001
Lip + Lac/tCr
<1.9	9 (75.0%)	3 (8.3%)	<0.001
≥1.9	3 (25.0%)	33 (91.7%)
Median (min; max)	0.88 (0.08; 12.35)	4.43 (1.33; 17.42)	0.004
ADCmean [10^−6 mm^2/s]
>1300	12 (100.0%)	0 (0.0%)	<0.001
≤1300	0 (0.0%)	36 (100.0%)
Median (min; max)	1373 (1317; 1463)	1160 (1011; 1276)	<0.001