Direct Tensile Strength and Characteristics of Dentin Restored with All-Ceramic, Resin-Composite, and Cast Metal Prostheses Cemented with Resin Adhesives

Table 3

Mean tensile strength ± SD, failure mode in restored dentin, and numbers of detached specimens during trimming of each group.

Groups ( = 12)		Mean ± SD (MPa)	Failure mode in restored dentin; (numbers of specimens)	Numbers of detached specimens
Cements	Prostheses
PanaviaF^a	Metal	4.3 ± 1.7	A/D (2), A/D + Hs + R (7), A/P + Hs + R (2)	1
	Composite	5.7 ± 4.2	A/D (2), A/D + Hs + R (7), A/P + Hs + R (3)	—
	Porcelain	6.0 ± 3.0	A/D + Hs + R (5), Hs + R (3), A/P + Hs + R (4)	—
Super-Bond^b	Metal^*	9.2 ± 3.5	A/P + R (12)	—
	Composite	11.7 ± 2.1	R (2), A/P + R (10)	—
	Porcelain^*	12.5 ± 2.2	R (2), A/P + R (10)	—
Single-Bond^c	Metal	2.2 ± 1.2	A/D (8), A/P (2)	2
	Composite	1.3 ± 1.1	A/D (9)	3
	Porcelain	1.5 ± 1.0	A/D (9)	3
Variolink II^a	Metal	2.0 ± 1.3	A/D (10)	2
	Composite	3.9 ± 4.0	A/D (10)	2
	Porcelain	5.0 ± 3.6	A/D (9), A/P + R (2)	1

Significant differences in tensile strength between cements indicated by the different superscripts ().
^*Differences in tensile strength between prostheses are significant.
A/D = adhesive failure at dentin side interface, A/P = adhesive failure at prosthesis side interface, R = cohesive failure in resin, Hs = cohesive failure in hybridized smear, and + = mixed failure.