Exercise and BMI in Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Trial Sequential Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Study characteristics.

Study	Year	Sex; M/F	Ex/Con	Age; Ex/Con	Exercise intervention
					Length	Frequency	Intensity (%)				Duration (min)	Mode	Compliance
					(Weeks)	(Days)	MHR	HRR		1RM	A  S	A/S	(%)
Alberga et al. [61]	2013	M/F	12/7	10.0 ± 1.0/10.0 ± 2.0	12	2	65–70	—	—	65–86	20   45	A + S	98%
Alves et al. [62]	2008	M/F	39/39	8.0 ± 1.8/7.9 ± 1.5	24	3	—	—	—	—	50  —	A	—
Elloumi et al. [63]	2011	M	7/8	13.1 ± 1/13.2 ± 0.2	8	4	—	—	—	—	—  —	A	—
Farpour-Lambert et al. [64]	2009	M/F	22/22	9.1 ± 1.4/8.8 ± 1.6	12	3	—	—	55–65	—	30  20	A + S	83%
Hagströmer et al. [65]	2009	M/F	16/15	13.7 ± 2.0/13.6 ± 2.2	13	1	—	—	—	50–70	60	A + S	—
Karacabey [66]	2009	M	20/20	11.8 ± 0.5/11.2 ± 0.80	12	3	—	60–65	—	—	20–45    —	A	—
Kelly et al. [67]	2004	M/F	10/10	11.0 ± 0.6/11.0 ± 0.7	8	4	—	—	50–80	—	30–50    —	A	≥80%
Kim et al. [68]	2007	M	14/12	17.0 ± 0.4/17.0 ± 0.4	6	5	—	—	—	—	30   —	A	—
Kim et al. [69]	2008	M	8/9	11.0/11.0	12	2	—	55–75	—	70	30–35    50	A + S	—
Meyer et al. [70]	2006	M/F	33/34	13.7 ± 2.1/14.1 ± 2.4	24	3	—	—	—	—	60–90    —	A	—
Murphy et al. [71]	2009	M/F	23/12	7–12	12	5	—	—	—	—	10–30     —	A	75% ≥ 5x weeks; 15% ≥ 3x weeks
Saygin and Öztürk [72]	2011	F	20/19	10–12	12	3	—	43	—	—	75   —	A	—
Shaibi et al. [73]	2006	M	11/11	15.1 ± 0.5/15.6 ± 0.5	16	2	—	—	—	62–97	—  —	S	96%
Sigal et al. [74]	2014	M/F	75 (A)	15.5 ± 1.4 (A)	22	4	65–85	—	—	—	20–50  —	A	62% (A)
			78 (S)	15.9 ± 1.5 (S)			—	—	—	—	—  —	S	56% (S)
			75 (A + S)	15.5 ± 1.3 (A ± S)			65–85	—	—	—	20–50	A + S	64% (A + S)
			76 (Con)	15.6 ± 1.3 (Con)
Song et al. [75]	2012	M	12/10	12.7 ± 0.7/12.6 ± 0.6	12	3	60–70	—	—	—	30  —	A	≥80%
Sun et al. [76]	2011	M/F	25/17	13.6 ± 0.7	10	4	—	—	40–60	—	40  —	A	55%
Tan et al. [77]	2010	M/F	30/30	9.4 ± 0.5/9.5 ± 0.5	8	5	—	—	—	—	40  —	A	—
Watts et al. [78]	2004	M/F	19/19	14.3 ± 1.5	8	3	65–85	—	—	55–70	60  —	A + S	≥90%
Watts et al. [79]	2004	M/F	14/14	8.9 ± 1.6	8	3	66–85	—	—	—	60  —	A	≥90%
Wong et al. [80]	2008	M	12/12	13.8 ± 1.1/14.3 ± 1.5	12	2	50–85	—	—	—	55	A + S	—

Notes. M/F: males/females; Ex/Con: exercise/control; days: days per week, minutes: minutes per session; A/S: aerobic/strength; compliance: percentage of exercise sessions attended; data reported as mean ± standard deviation; VO_2max: maximum oxygen consumption in mL⋅kg⁻¹⋅min⁻¹; 1RM: one-repetition maximum; MHRR: maximal heart rate reserve; MHR: maximum heart rate; compliance based on medians versus means; participants trained at intensity equivalent to 78% of lactate threshold; study consisted of circuit training.