The Context Matters: Outcome Probability and Expectation Mismatch Modulate the Feedback Negativity When Self-Evaluation of Response Correctness Is Possible

Figure 1

Examples of trial sequences (we do not present examples of all possible combinations of outcome probability precue, performance, and feedback valence).

(a) Precue indicates that response and feedback match: feedback is compatible with responses because loss only follows erroneous responses

(b) Precue indicates that a mismatch between response and feedback is possible: feedback is incompatible with responses because loss follows correct responses

(c) Precue indicates that a mismatch between response and feedback is possible: feedback is compatible with responses because loss follows incorrect responses