Neck Circumference as a Predictive Indicator of CKD for High Cardiovascular Risk Patients

Table 3

(a) Age adjusted linear regression of CVD and CKD risk among body shape indicators. (b) Age- and log(creatinine)-adjusted linear regression of CVD and CKD risk among body shape indicators.

(a)

Dependent variables	Men ()			Women ()
Independent variables		(SE)	value		(SE)	value
24 hr CCR
(Neck circumference)	0.279	269.32 (76.68)	0.001	0.232	114.479 (122.29)	0.243
(Body mass index)	0.290	181.14 (47.90)	<0.001	0.211	−26.755 (73.81)	0.719
(Waist circumference)	0.310	268.82 (62.92)	<0.001	0.210	−13.095 (87.87)	0.882
(Hip circumference)	0.337	412.97 (84.67)	<0.001	0.210	−30.973 (117.5)	0.793
eGFRCG
(Neck circumference)	0.524	206.02 (44.09)	<0.001	0.503	163.779 (71.69)	0.027
(Body mass index)	0.591	172.49 (25.72)	<0.001	0.534	121.746 (41.36)	0.005
(Waist circumference)	0.601	237.27 (33.85)	<0.001	0.531	142.509 (49.32)	0.006
(Hip circumference)	0.588	312.44 (47.22)	<0.001	0.576	236.87 (62.72)	<0.001
eGFRMDRD
(Neck circumference)	0.140	20.87 (46.60)	0.655	0.081	−50.119 (81.36)	0.541
(Body mass index)	0.144	25.1 (29.26)	0.393	0.130	−82.537 (47.14)	0.086
(Waist circumference)	0.150	49.83 (38.86)	0.202	0.084	−42.682 (57.52)	0.462
(Hip circumference)	0.157	85.06 (53.13)	0.112	0.096	−82.797 (76.46)	0.284
(Cystatin C)
(Neck circumference)	0.179	0.43 (0.31)	0.166	0.210	0.131 (0.49)	0.789
(Body mass index)	0.166	−0.09 (0.19)	0.624	0.313	0.635 (0.26)	0.021
(Waist circumference)	0.166	0.15 (0.26)	0.571	0.263	0.543 (0.33)	0.104
(Hip circumference)	0.169	0.29 (0.36)	0.419	0.254	0.634 (0.42)	0.139
Uric Acid
(Neck circumference)	0.009	−3.75 (3.99)	0.349	0.188	19.258 (6.05)	0.003
(Body mass index)	0.002	0.02 (2.45)	0.993	0.216	12.354 (3.54)	0.001
(Waist circumference)	0.002	−0.41 (3.28)	0.901	0.111	10.223 (4.48)	0.027
(Hip circumference)	0.014	−5.39 (4.48)	0.231	0.149	16.098 (5.87)	0.009
(Urine microalbuminuria)
(Neck circumference)	0.021	2.36 (1.51)	0.120	0.200	7.255 (2.16)	0.002
(Body mass index)	0.093	3.14 (0.92)	0.001	0.105	3.089 (1.35)	0.027
(Waist circumference)	0.058	3.26 (1.23)	0.009	0.110	3.764 (1.6)	0.023
(Hip circumference)	0.049	4.09 (1.70)	0.017	0.06	3.661 (2.19)	0.102
(hsCRP)
(Neck circumference)	0.048	2.98 (1.40)	0.036	0.101	4.366 (1.96)	0.031
(Body mass index)	0.062	2.13 (0.85)	0.014	0.067	2.091 (1.18)	0.084
(Waist circumference)	0.055	2.66 (1.14)	0.022	0.063	2.407 (1.41)	0.094
(Hip circumference)	0.043	3.15 (1.59)	0.049	0.095	3.995 (1.86)	0.037
(Systolic blood pressure)
(Neck circumference)	0.015	0.14 (0.12)	0.252	0.025	0.175 (0.16)	0.292
(Body mass index)	0.042	0.16 (0.07)	0.031	0.003	−0.006 (0.1)	0.951
(Waist circumference)	0.031	0.18 (0.10)	0.068	0.006	0.049 (0.12)	0.674
(Hip circumference)	0.036	0.27 (0.14)	0.047	0.006	0.061 (0.16)	0.698
Diastolic blood pressure
(Neck circumference)	0.105	27.44 (19.94)	0.171	0.260	31.523 (30.9)	0.313
(Body mass index)	0.157	37.4 (12.09)	0.002	0.045	−4.045 (18.69)	0.830
(Waist circumference)	0.114	29.63 (16.58)	0.076	0.273	29.645 (21.42)	0.173
(Hip circumference)	0.123	48.09 (22.66)	0.036	0.260	29.157 (29.33)	0.325
(Fasting plasma glucose)
(Neck circumference)	0.023	0.48 (0.29)	0.100	0.013	0.142 (0.41)	0.731
(Body mass index)	0.055	0.47 (0.18)	0.010	0.022	0.176 (0.24)	0.474
(Waist circumference)	0.094	0.82 (0.23)	0.001	0.017	0.165 (0.29)	0.573
(Hip circumference)	0.034	0.68 (0.33)	0.042	0.016	−0.19 (0.39)	0.627
(Triglyceride)
(Neck circumference)	0.137	1.49 (0.46)	0.002	0.172	2.45 (0.82)	0.005
(Body mass index)	0.089	0.56 (0.30)	0.064	0.145	1.379 (0.51)	0.010
(Waist circumference)	0.087	0.73 (0.40)	0.070	0.138	1.562 (0.6)	0.012
(Hip circumference)	0.094	1.12 (0.55)	0.042	0.094	1.691 (0.82)	0.044
Total cholesterol
(Neck circumference)	0.023	134.99 (85.59)	0.117	0.007	−69.724 (153.93)	0.653
(Body mass index)	0.015	66.37 (54.09)	0.222	0.004	23.785 (91.82)	0.797
(Waist circumference)	0.012	76.58 (72.20)	0.291	0.006	46.529 (109.06)	0.672
(Hip circumference)	0.007	71.37 (99.35)	0.474	0.003	30.962 (146.12)	0.833
LDL cholesterol
(Neck circumference)	0.040	158.88 (72.59)	0.031	0.012	27.354 (141.34)	0.847
(Body mass index)	0.048	109.69 (45.5)	0.017	0.030	80.653 (83.39)	0.338
(Waist circumference)	0.023	99.41 (61.43)	0.108	0.017	51.923 (99.87)	0.606
(Hip circumference)	0.009	84.18 (84.89)	0.323	0.016	66.655 (133.64)	0.620
(HDL cholesterol)
(Neck circumference)	0.008	−0.19 (0.29)	0.506	0.101	−0.936 (0.42)	0.032
(Body mass index)	0.032	−0.33 (0.18)	0.071	0.023	−0.241 (0.26)	0.365
(Waist circumference)	0.011	−0.22 (0.24)	0.376	0.024	−0.294 (0.31)	0.354
(Hip circumference)	0.005	−0.14 (0.34)	0.688	0.017	−0.311 (0.43)	0.471

: unadjusted ; : unstandardized coefficients beta; SE: unstandardized coefficients Std. Error.

(b)

Dependent variables	Men ()			Women ()
Independent variables		(SE)	value		(SE)	value
24 hr CCR
(Neck circumference)	0.642	260.86 (54.29)	<0.001	0.340	169.5 (114.94)	0.147
(Body mass index)	0.621	138.8 (35.39)	<0.001	0.310	22.78 (72.38)	0.754
(Waist circumference)	0.643	221.38 (45.7)	<0.001	0.310	17.76 (83.87)	0.833
(Hip circumference)	0.659	337.81 (61.38)	<0.001	0.309	7.43 (112.11)	0.947
eGFRCG
(Neck circumference)	0.867	200.2 (23.38)	<0.001	0.800	193.98 (46.15)	<0.001
(Body mass index)	0.891	143.99 (13.43)	<0.001	0.924	193.43 (17.47)	<0.001
(Waist circumference)	0.907	205.1 (16.53)	<0.001	0.857	183.11 (27.77)	<0.001
(Hip circumference)	0.889	261.02 (24.76)	<0.001	0.910	288.32 (29.52)	<0.001
eGFRMDRD
(Neck circumference)	0.923	13.96 (14.05)	0.322	0.945	−7.1 (20.16)	0.726
(Body mass index)	0.923	−11.03 (8.88)	0.217	0.945	3.87 (12.42)	0.757
(Waist circumference)	0.922	9.6 (11.86)	0.420	0.946	12.38 (14.28)	0.391
(Hip circumference)	0.923	20.57 (16.24)	0.208	0.946	−14.26 (19.12)	0.460
(Cystatin C)
(Neck circumference)	0.674	0.33 (0.2)	0.098	0.619	0.14 (0.34)	0.681
(Body mass index)	0.665	0.02 (0.12)	0.852	0.639	0.3 (0.2)	0.141
(Waist circumference)	0.670	0.21 (0.17)	0.215	0.637	0.33 (0.23)	0.169
(Hip circumference)	0.679	0.47 (0.22)	0.037	0.631	0.36 (0.3)	0.242
Uric Acid
(Neck circumference)	0.138	−3.49 (3.74)	0.353	0.346	17.8 (5.5)	0.002
(Body mass index)	0.133	1.17 (2.3)	0.612	0.319	9.93 (3.46)	0.006
(Waist circumference)	0.132	0.87 (3.08)	0.778	0.262	8.4 (4.17)	0.050
(Hip circumference)	0.136	−3.34 (4.24)	0.432	0.296	13.84 (5.44)	0.014
(Urine microalbuminuria)
(Neck circumference)	0.096	2.62 (1.46)	0.075	0.271	6.68 (2.1)	0.003
(Body mass index)	0.168	3.24 (0.89)	<0.001	0.168	2.47 (1.36)	0.077
(Waist circumference)	0.142	3.64 (1.18)	0.003	0.191	3.35 (1.56)	0.037
(Hip circumference)	0.134	4.74 (1.64)	0.005	0.145	3.02 (2.14)	0.164
(hsCRP)
(Neck circumference)	0.073	3 (1.39)	0.033	0.114	4.25 (1.97)	0.037
(Body mass index)	0.094	2.3 (0.85)	0.008	0.072	1.92 (1.24)	0.127
(Waist circumference)	0.085	2.85 (1.13)	0.014	0.074	2.26 (1.43)	0.121
(Hip circumference)	0.073	3.44 (1.58)	0.031	0.104	3.82 (1.88)	0.048
(Systolic blood pressure)
(Neck circumference)	0.017	0.14 (0.12)	0.248	0.028	0.14 (0.17)	0.388
(Body mass index)	0.045	0.16 (0.07)	0.030	0.012	0.01 (0.1)	0.927
(Waist circumference)	0.034	0.19 (0.1)	0.066	0.022	0.08 (0.12)	0.494
(Hip circumference)	0.037	0.27 (0.14)	0.053	0.017	0.08 (0.16)	0.633
Diastolic blood pressure
(Neck circumference)	0.127	27.95 (19.83)	0.161	0.211	29.04 (29.34)	0.328
(Body mass index)	0.169	35.02 (12.26)	0.005	0.197	8.09 (18.23)	0.659
(Waist circumference)	0.132	27.86 (16.66)	0.097	0.227	28.83 (20.72)	0.171
(Hip circumference)	0.139	43.71 (22.83)	0.058	0.240	45.54 (27.46)	0.104
(Fasting plasma glucose)
(Neck circumference)	0.033	0.47 (0.29)	0.103	0.068	0.09 (0.41)	0.826
(Body mass index)	0.061	0.45 (0.18)	0.014	0.068	0.08 (0.25)	0.765
(Waist circumference)	0.100	0.8 (0.23)	0.001	0.069	0.1 (0.29)	0.733
(Hip circumference)	0.041	0.64 (0.33)	0.055	0.077	−0.28 (0.38)	0.469
(Triglyceride)
(Neck circumference)	0.138	1.49 (0.46)	0.002	0.436	2.25 (0.69)	0.002
(Body mass index)	0.090	0.57 (0.3)	0.061	0.355	0.92 (0.47)	0.056
(Waist circumference)	0.088	0.74 (0.4)	0.068	0.384	1.27 (0.52)	0.018
(Hip circumference)	0.095	1.14 (0.55)	0.040	0.351	1.32 (0.7)	0.067
Total cholesterol
(Neck circumference)	0.033	133.61 (85.5)	0.121	0.007	−71.5 (156.05)	0.649
(Body mass index)	0.023	59.89 (54.46)	0.274	0.004	22.75 (96.28)	0.814
(Waist circumference)	0.021	69.07 (72.53)	0.343	0.006	45.77 (111.37)	0.683
(Hip circumference)	0.016	59 (99.97)	0.556	0.003	29.37 (149.02)	0.845
LDL cholesterol
(Neck circumference)	0.048	157.85 (72.6)	0.032	0.012	28.43 (143.31)	0.844
(Body mass index)	0.052	105.66 (45.9)	0.023	0.033	88.74 (87.34)	0.315
(Waist circumference)	0.029	94.18 (61.81)	0.130	0.017	54.16 (101.96)	0.598
(Hip circumference)	0.016	75.3 (85.54)	0.381	0.017	69.33 (136.28)	0.613
(HDL cholesterol)
(Neck circumference)	0.023	−0.2 (0.29)	0.494	0.202	−0.86 (0.4)	0.039
(Body mass index)	0.051	−0.36 (0.18)	0.049	0.123	−0.07 (0.26)	0.782
(Waist circumference)	0.028	−0.25 (0.24)	0.305	0.128	−0.18 (0.3)	0.562
(Hip circumference)	0.022	−0.18 (0.34)	0.596	0.124	−0.15 (0.41)	0.724

: unadjusted ; : unstandardized coefficients beta; SE: unstandardized coefficients Std. Error.