Vitamin A-Deficient Diet Accelerated Atherogenesis in Apolipoprotein E^−/− Mice and Dietary β-Carotene Prevents This Consequence

Figure 3

Plasma cholesterol concentrations. Plasma cholesterol concentrations (a) and lipoprotein cholesterol content (b). Mice fed chow or vitamin A-deficient diet with or without βC after 15 weeks of treatment. VAD significantly increased plasma cholesterol concentrations due to increased levels of non-HDL cholesterol. Values are means ± SE, = 15-16. Within the graph, means without a common letter differ, . Dunaliella treated group (BC); vitamin A-deficient diet group (VAD); vitamin A-deficient diet fortified with Dunaliella group (VAD-BC).

(a)

(b)