Designation of a Novel DKK1 Multiepitope DNA Vaccine and Inhibition of Bone Loss in Collagen-Induced Arthritic Mice

Figure 1

Designation of the DNA vaccine.(a) B cell epitope scanning of human DKK1 was performed with the software DNASTAR 7.1. (b) The affinity of epitopes was measured by indirect ELISA. (c) The separated epitopes were immunized BALB/c mice and the immunogenicity of epitopes was measured by sandwich ELISA. (d) The separated epitopes were injected to BALB/c mice for seven days. TRAP staining was performed to identify the mature osteoclasts. Magnification: 200x; data are expressed as the mean ± SEM.

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