Renin-Angiotensin Activation and Oxidative Stress in Early Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of the study population.

	Cases; ()	Control; ()	value
Demographic variables
Age	64.8 ± 10.8	65.0 ± 11.3	1
Gender			0.04
Females	7 (28%)	14 (56%)
Males	18 (72%)	11 (44%)
Race			0.8
White	13 (54%)	12 (48%)
Black	11 (46%)	12 (48%)
Clinical variables
Smoking	10 (40%)	10 (40%)	1
Diabetes	8 (32%)	9 (36%)	1
BMI	29.6 ± 4.8	25.3 ± 4.7	0.00
Hypertension	16 (64%)	14 (56%)	0.6
Mean SBP (mm Hg)	135.4 ± 19.2	127.4 ± 16.7	0.1
Mean DBP (mm Hg)	75.8 ± 13.0	74.0 ± 10.3	0.6
Hypercholesteremia	14 (56%)	10 (40%)	0.4
Medications
Betablocker	15 (60%)	10 (40%)	0.3
ACEI	12 (48%)	9 (36%)	0.6
ARB	4 (16%)	1 (4%)	0.4
Diuretic	4 (16%)	8 (32%)	0.3
Statin	14 (56%)	16 (64%)	0.8

1 (4%) Asian in each group; HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; DD: diastolic dysfunction; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker.