Facial Characteristics and Olfactory Dysfunction: Two Endophenotypes Related to Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate

Figure 2

Relative inward/outward displacements of facial features from one shape transformation to the opposite shape transformation. (a, b) Red: outward displacement; blue: inward displacement. (a) Relative inward/outward displacements of nonaffected first-degree relatives of patients with NSCL/P to control subjects with no familial history of orofacial clefting. (b) Relative inward/outward displacements of nonaffected first-degree relatives with a low identification score, compared to nonaffected first-degree relatives with a high identification score.

(a)

(b)