Midkine: A Novel and Early Biomarker of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions

Table 2

Kidney function assessed by serum and urinary NGAL, serum and urinary creatinine, and cystatin C in 89 patients undergoing PCI.

	Before coronary; angiography	Two hours	Four hours	Eight hours	24 hours	48 hours
Serum NGAL (ng/mL)	103.26 ± 63.37	125.82 ± 67.34^*	139.70 ± 87.65^*	119.76 ± 71.5	117.34 ± 66.65	98.56 ± 46.89
Urinary; NGAL; (ng/mL)	0; (0.0; 9.1)	1.2; (1.5; 14.0)	3.8; (4.8; 20.6)^*	4.1; (5.8; 32.3)^*	1.7; (2.7; 18.3)	0; (0; 8; 4)
Cystatin C; (mg/L)	1.55 ± 1.06	1.69 ± 1.07	2.09 ± 1.17	1.99 ± 1.26	2.59 ± 1.05^**	1.80 ± 1.07
Creatinine; (mg/dL)	1.05 ± 0.36	ND	ND	ND	1.25 ± 0.49	1.18 ± 0.38
Midkine (ng/mL)	0.50; (3.81; 1.10)	2.46; (0.39; 10.45)^**	0.98; (0.35; 1.12)^*	0.51; (0.31; 1.10)	0.48; (0.30; 0.95)	0.45; (0.31; 0.72)

Data given are means ± SD or medians and interquartile ranges.
, versus baseline.