Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy versus Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Matched Comparison Study

Figure 1

Robot-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy in left-side, upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients; right-side in the symmetric configuration. 8, Arm 1: 8 mm working port for robotic arm 1; 8, Arm 2: 8 mm working port for robotic arm 2; 5, Asst.: 5 mm working port for assistant; 12, Asst.: 12 mm working port for assistant; 12, Cam.: 12 mm camera port.

(a) Nephroureterectomy

(b) Bladder cuff resection