Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy versus Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Matched Comparison Study

Table 4

Perioperative outcome of hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (HANU) versus robot-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (RANU).

Variable	RANU	HANU	value
	= 18	= 18
Operative time, min (range)	255.17 (110–540)	250.17 (140–410)	0.333
Ileus	0	0	1.000
Blood loss, mL	68.89 (10–350)	358.33 (50–2000)	<0.001
Resumption of oral intake, days after NU	1.59 (0.5–3)	2.17 (1–3)	0.043
Hospital stay, days	6.79 (3.7–12)	9.61 (4–26)	0.014
Pain score, Visual Analog Scale of 1–10	6.22 (3–10)	3.93 (3–6)	0.043

< 0.05 indicates statistical significance.