Effect of Various Concentrations of Caffeine, Pentoxifylline, and Kallikrein on Hyperactivation of Frozen Bovine Semen

Table 2

Effect of different concentrations of caffeine, pentoxifylline, and kallikrein on the hyperactivation of frozen bovine spermatozoa.

Treatments	Concentrations	Progressive	Slowly	Dead
Control	0.0	55.0 ± 0.8^c	23.0 ± 0.8^d	22.0 ± 0.8^de
Caffeine	1 mM	55.2 ± 0.7^c	26.2 ± 0.4^a	18.7 ± 0.4^f
	5 mM	61.5 ± 0.8^a	24.7 ± 1.1^bc	13.8 ± 0.4^h
	10 mM	49.8 ± 0.7^f	25.0 ± 0.7^b	25.2 ± 0.7^c
Pentoxifylline	1 mM	60.2 ± 1.2^b	23.7 ± 0.4^d	16.2 ± 0.8^g
	5 mM	60.0 ± 0.7^b	23.8 ± 0.4^cd	16.2 ± 0.8^g
	10 mM	49.8 ± 1.2^f	21.3 ± 0.4^e	28.8 ± 0.8^b
Kallikrein	1 U/mL	51.3 ± 0.4^e	26.2 ± 0.4^a	22.5 ± 0.5^d
	4 U/mL	53.7 ± 0.4^d	25.0 ± 0.7^b	21.3 ± 0.4^e
	8 U/mL	00.0 ± 0.0^g	6.3 ± 0.4^f	93.7 ± 0.4^a

Mean values in the same columns with different superscripts (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h) differ significantly ().